滨海型盐碱水域杂交青虾“太湖1号”肌肉营养成分分析

为研究杂交青虾"太湖1号"在滨海型盐碱水域养殖条件下的营养特点,采用常规生化成分测定法测定了该杂交青虾肌肉中的营养成分,并与野生青虾的肌肉营养成分进行比较。结果显示:杂交青虾肌肉(鲜重)中蛋白质、脂肪、灰分、水分的含量分别为16.774%、0.927%、1.173%、81.367%;肌肉中共检测出18种氨基酸(总量为85.680%,干重),其中8种必需氨基酸占31.024%;肌肉中含12种脂肪酸,其中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量较高,两者含量之和为1.247%,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量为1.753%;矿物元素种类丰富,常量元素中,钾含量最高(12.420 mg/g),微量元素中,锌含量最高(59.673μg/g)。研究发现,杂交青虾"太湖1号"蛋白含量显著低于野生青虾(P0.05),脂肪、EPA+DHA含量极显著高于野生青虾(P0.01),氨基酸总量、非必需氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸总量与野生青虾无显著差异(P0.05),必需氨基酸总量显著低于野生青虾(P0.05),但两者氨基酸结构均符合FAO/WHO的标准要求。研究表明:滨海型盐碱水域养殖条件下的杂交青虾"太湖1号"氨基酸组成平衡,微量元素丰富,具有较高的营养价值。

Analysis of nutritional components in the muscle of hybrid oriental river prawn "Taihu No.1" cultured in coastal saline-alkaline pond

The nutritional components in the muscle of hybrid oriental river prawn "Taihu No.1"cultured in coastal saline-alkaline pond was determined by biochemical component measurement method and compared to that in the muscle of wild oriental river prawn to explore its nutritional characteristics .The results showed that the protein, lipid, ash and moisture contents in the muscle of hybrid oriental river prawn were 16.774%, 0.927%, 1.173%, 81.367%respectively.18 kinds of amino acids( the content was 85.680%, dry weight) were detected in its muscle, in which the total content of the 8 kinds of essential amino acids was 31.024%;the other 12 kinds were fatty acids the highest in which was the EPA+DHA accounting for1.247%, and 1.753%of poly-unsaturated fatty acids,;The muscle was abundant with mineral elements.The content of K reached 12.420 mg/g, the highest among macroelements, and the content of Zn reached 59.673 μg/g, the highest among microelements.The research showed that the protein content in muscle of "Taihu No.1"was significantly lower than that in muscle of wild oriental river prawn( P<0.05) , the fat and EPA+DHA content were extremely significantly higher than that in muscle of wild oriental river prawn(P<0.01).the total amino acid, non-essential amino acid and total delicious amino acid between "Taihu No.1"and wild oriental river prawn( P>0.05) had no significant differences, and the total content of essential amino acid was significantly lower than that in muscle of wild oriental river prawn( P<0.05) , but the compositions of essential amino acid of the both prawns met the WHO/FAO standards.It was indicated that hybrid oriental river prawn"Taihu No. 1" cultured in coastal saline -alkaline pond consists of well -balanced amino acid with abundance microelements, which has high nutritional value.