斑点鳟陆海接力养殖初步研究

为有效突破中国北方网箱养殖品种少的缺陷,并合理利用闲置网箱,通过陆海接力养殖模式,开展斑点鳟(♀Oncorhynchus mykiss×♂Oncorhynchus mykiss)的陆海接力养殖试验,并与工厂化养殖进行了对比,达到提高斑点鳟的养殖存活率,增加经济效益的目的。结果显示:从2013年6月1日至2014年6月19日,3种规格斑点鳟的初始体质量分别为(225.1±36.2)g、(102.8±23.5)g、(55.3±12.3)g,经384 d的工厂化养殖,养成平均质量分别达到(2143.4±253.1)g、(1 763.8±210.3)g、(946.3±120.4)g,存活率分别为91.2%、90.6%、89.3%;经384 d的陆海接力养殖,养成平均质量分别达到(2 408.3±321.2)g、(2 065.5±256.3)g、(1 142.6±156.3)g,存活率分别为87.5%、88.1%、85.3%,其中大规格苗种的平均日增体质量达到8.5 g/d。由此可见,最适宜进行陆海接力养殖的斑点鳟规格为体质量100 g以上的中等规格斑点鳟,且"陆海接力"养殖的斑点鳟具有生长快、经济效益高等特点,是一种值得推广的新型斑点鳟养殖模式。

Preliminary study on land-sea relay aquaculture of Oncorhynchus mykiss

In order to effectively solve the problems of lack of variety for cages in North China and to reasonably utilize idle cages, the land-sea relay aquaculture experiments in a land-sea relay model of Oncorhynchus mykiss were carried out to compare with industrialized aquaculture, thus the survival rate of Oncorhynchus mykiss can be improved, and economic efficiency can be increased. Results showed that: The initial body weights of the three species of Oncorhynchus mykiss were(225. 1 ± 36. 2)g,(102. 8 ± 23. 5)g and (55. 3 ± 12. 3)g;the average weights reached( 2143. 4 ± 253. 1)g,(1763. 8± 210. 3)g and(946. 3 ± 120. 4) g,and the survival rates reached 91. 2%,90. 6%,89. 3% after 384 days of industrialized aquaculture;the average weights reached(2408. 3 ± 321. 2)g,(2065. 5 ± 256. 3)g and(1142. 6 ± 156. 3)g,and the survival rates reached( 87. 5% %,88. 1% and 85. 3%,of which the average daily body weight of large-size seedlings reached 8. 5g/d after 384 days of land-sea relay aquaculture. Thus it can be seen the most suitable size of Oncorhynchus mykiss for land-sea relay aquaculture was the medium size with a more than 100 g of weigh;the land-sea relay aquaculture,with fast growth,high economic benefit,is a new aquaculture pattern for the aquaculture of Oncorhynchus mykiss that is worthy to be popularized.