基于循环水孵化系统的俄罗斯鲟受精卵孵化性能研究

目前,绝大多数海淡水增养殖鱼类的苗种繁育几乎完全是人工繁殖,但对受精卵的孵化方式的研究较少,尤其循环水孵化方面。为探索封闭循环水孵化系统对鲟鱼(Acipenseriformes)受精卵孵化性能的影响,本文通过对俄罗斯鲟(Acipenser gueldenstaedtii)受精卵孵化率、孵化酶组成和含量以及孵化过程中水体氨氮浓度变化规律进行研究。结果显示,封闭循环水孵化系统中总氨氮浓度随孵化时间呈线性增长,受精卵的排氨率为60~90 mg/(g·h),破膜6 h后孵化率为86%,孵化水体中孵化酶累积较严重。俄罗斯鲟的孵化酶主要由分子量为41.3 k Da的蛋白质组成,受精卵的孵化液由23种蛋白质组成,其中包括7种水解酶。研究表明,对氨氮的去除及孵化酶控制技术是循化水孵化系统急需攻克的首要问题。

A study on the hatching performance of fertilized eggs in Acipenser gueldenstaedtii based on the circulating water hatching system

At present, seawater and freshwater aquaculture fish breeding is almost entirely based on artificial propagation, and less research has been done to the fertilized eggs hatching, especially in terms of circulating water hatching.In order to explore the effect of closed circulating water hatching system on the hatching performance of the fertilized eggs of acipenseriformes, in this paper, the hatching rate of the fertile eggs in Aciperser gueldenstaedii acipenseriformes, the constitute and content of hatching enzyme, and the change situation of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the water body during the hatching process were studied.The results showed that the total concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the circulating water hatching system increased linearly with the increasing of hatch period;the ammonia excretion rate of the fertilized eggs in Aciperser gueldenstaedii was 60-90 mg/(g· h);the hatching rate was 86%in 6 hours after the rupture of membranes, and the accumulation of hatching enzymes in water body was serious.The hatching enzyme of acipenseriformes is mainly composed of the protein with molecular weight of 41.3 kDa.The hatching solution is composed of 23 kinds of proteins, including 7 kinds of hydrolases.The study showed that the removal of ammonia nitrogen and the hatching enzyme controlling technology are urgently to be resolved for the circulating water hatching system.