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罗氏沼虾引种复壮技术的研究
引用本文:史建华,肖雨,徐琴英.罗氏沼虾引种复壮技术的研究[J].水产科技情报,2001,28(2):64-67.
作者姓名:史建华  肖雨  徐琴英
作者单位:上海市水产研究所、上海市水产技术推广站,200433
摘    要:长期以来,国内进行罗氏沼虾人工繁殖一直以池塘饲养的成虾作亲本,由此造成该虾种质退化,养殖经济效益下降.为提高其种质和养殖经济效益,于1996年和1997年从马来西亚引进野生原种繁育虾苗,进行复壮技术的研究.研究结果表明,野生种子代和杂交种子代的体长、体重明显高出本地的驯养种.种群间具有标准差、变异系数、第二步足与体长的比值相对较小、额齿数相对较多的特点.通常野生原种体形细长、体色淡黄透明、摄食旺盛、抗病力强、性成熟个体较大.野生种子代和杂交种子代幼体活力强,摄食旺盛,变态期延长,但人工育苗的难度大.研究结果显示,采用繁育难度相对较低的雌(本地驯养种)×雄(野生种)配组方式繁育杂交苗,难度较小,效果好.

关 键 词:罗氏沼虾  引种  复壮  原种  杂交种  种群  种质资源  良种繁育

Studies on the Introductional Rejuvenated Technique of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
SHI Jian,hua,XIAO Yu,XU Qin,ying.Studies on the Introductional Rejuvenated Technique of Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].Fisheries Science & Technology Information,2001,28(2):64-67.
Authors:SHI Jian  hua  XIAO Yu  XU Qin  ying
Abstract:The pond culture Macrobrachium rosenbergii has been used as parent prawn for undertaking artificial breed for a long period in China. This has caused deterioration of the strains and decreasing of economic profit. In order to improve the population function and the economic profit of cultured Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the studies to use wild Macrobrachium rosenbergii introduced from Malaysia for rejuvenating the very species was undertook from 1996 to 1997. The results showed (1) that body weight and length of offspring from the wild and hybrid prawn are higher obviously than those of the cultured species; (2) the offspring of wild and hybrid prawn are more stronger and feeding are more intensive than those of cultured prawn; but the artificial breeding of wild and hybrid prawn are more difficult. The studies also showed that the cultured female prawn mated with wild male prawn is a better way to produce hybrid progeny.
Keywords:Macrobrachium rosenbergii  Introduction  Rejuvenation  Original species  Hybrid  Population
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