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大亚湾杨梅坑人工鱼礁水域生物资源量声学评估
引用本文:李娜娜,陈国宝,于杰,李永振,汤勇,陈丕茂,贾晓平.大亚湾杨梅坑人工鱼礁水域生物资源量声学评估[J].水产学报,2011,35(11):1640-1649.
作者姓名:李娜娜  陈国宝  于杰  李永振  汤勇  陈丕茂  贾晓平
作者单位:1. 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300;大连海洋大学海洋工程学院,辽宁大连116023
2. 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300;农业部南海渔业资源环境重点野外科学观测试验站,广东广州510300;广东省渔业生态环境重点开放实验室,广东广州510300
3. 大连海洋大学海洋工程学院,辽宁大连,116023
基金项目:国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划(2006AA100303);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201003068);海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201005013);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2008TS01,2007ZD03)
摘    要:杨梅坑人工鱼礁区位于深圳市东部大亚湾海域,2007年3月20日开始投礁,12月25日正式完成全部工程施工任务,建礁体积9.51万km3,礁区面积966 m×2 851 m.从2007年4月到2009年5月,使用科学鱼探仪(EY60型,120 kHz,Simrad)先后在不同季节对大亚湾杨梅坑生态调控区的礁区内和礁区外水域进行了6次声学调查,共获取有效声学航程122.54 n mile,以了解建礁后该水域生物分布和资源量密度变化情况.调查中设站点进行生物学拖网采样以辅助声学评估.利用Echoview声学处理软件对数据进行分析处理,结合历史资料记载的生态、资源特点以及本研究中拖网生物学数据,以0.5 n mile为间隔输出积分值,并对该海域的生物资源量密度和生物资源量进行评估.声学评估结果表明,第1航次春季调查礁区内和礁区外的平均生物资源量密度分别为41×103 kg/n mile2和28×103kg/n mile2,第3航次春季调查礁区内和礁区外的平均生物资源量密度分别为16×103 kg/nmile2和10×103 kg/n mile2,第4航次夏季调查礁区内和礁区外的平均生物资源量密度分别为65×103 kg/n mile2和3×103 kg/n mile2,第5航次秋季调查礁区内和礁区外水域的平均生物资源量密度分别为165×103 kg/n mile2和45×103 kg/n mile2.结果表明,礁区内水域的平均生物资源量密度高于礁区外水域,并且随着建礁时间的推移,礁区内水域的生物资源总量基本呈增长趋势,同时礁区内的声学评估种类也明显增加.根据拖网生物学数据,建礁后优势种中的优质经济鱼类种数增加明显,如黄斑蓝子鱼和日本金线鱼等,说明人工鱼礁的建设有效地改良了渔业资源结构.

关 键 词:人工鱼礁  生物资源量  声学评估  大亚湾
收稿时间:2011/1/25 0:00:00
修稿时间:9/4/2011 12:00:00 AM

Assessment of biomass in artificial reef area of Yangmeikeng in Daya Bay using acoustic method
LI Na n,CHEN Guo bao,YU Jie,LI Yong zhen,TANG Yong,CHEN Pi mao and JIA Xiao ping.Assessment of biomass in artificial reef area of Yangmeikeng in Daya Bay using acoustic method[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2011,35(11):1640-1649.
Authors:LI Na n  CHEN Guo bao  YU Jie  LI Yong zhen  TANG Yong  CHEN Pi mao and JIA Xiao ping
Institution:South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,DaLian Ocean University,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Abstract:The Yangmeikeng artificial reef area is located in the eastern part of Daya Bay in Shenzhen.The artificial reefs were cast from March 20,2007,and the whole construction was finished on December 25 with the volume of 95.1 thousand m3 space and the area of 966 m?2 851 m.In order to know the biological distribution and the variation of the biomass density,six acoustic surveys were conducted with a split-beam echosounder(EY60 model,120kHz,Simrad)inside and outside the artificial reef area of Yangmeikeng in Daya Bay in different months from April 2007 to May 2009.The effective acoustic range is 122.54 n mile.Trawl samplings were used to help the acoustic assessment.In this paper,the volume backscattering strength(SV)data were integrated with 0.5n mile interval to analyze the distribution of biomass by using a fisheries acoustic software of Echoview(Myriax)combined with the historical data of ecology,resource characteristics and trawl data.The acoustic assessment results showed that the average biomass density inside and outside the artificial reef area were 41?103 kg/n mile2 and 28?103 kg/n mile2 respectively in survey 1,while 16?103 kg/n mile2 and 10?103 kg/n mile2 in survey 3,65?103 kg/n mile2 and 3?103 kg/n mile2 in survey 4,165?103 kg/n mile2 and 45?103 kg/n mile2 in survey 5.Obviously,the average density of biomass was higher inside the artificial reef area than the outside.And the inside biomass assumed the growth movement basically as time goes on.According to the trawl sampling data,the species estimated inside the artificial reef area were also increased evidently,such as Siganus canaliculatus and Nemipterus japonicus. It proved that the construction of artificial reefs in the Daya Bay could improve community structure of fishery resources.
Keywords:artificial reef  biomass  acoustic assessment  Daya Bay
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