长江中游黄石江段四大家鱼早期资源现状

2015年和2016年每年的5—7月,在长江中游黄石江段对四大家鱼早期资源开展了调查,以了解该江段四大家鱼早期资源及产卵场分布现状。调查期间共采集四大家鱼卵67粒,苗23 948尾,种类以鲢和草鱼为主,分别占四大家鱼卵苗总捕捞数量的77.0%和18.1%。2015年和2016年,估算通过黄石江段的四大家鱼卵径流量分别为0.20×108粒、4.69×108粒,鱼苗径流量分别为19.40×108尾、13.65×108尾。黄石江段四大家鱼产卵场主要分布在团风李家洲、鄂州城区、鄂州戴家洲和黄石道士袱4个江段。与历史资料相比,黄石江段四大家鱼产卵场分布位置没有发生明显的变动。建议开展增殖放流活动,并在航道整治等工程建设中注重保护洲滩等生境。

Resources of the four major Chinese carps of early life history stages at Huangshi section in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

In order to estimate the fish resources and distribution of spawning grounds of the four major Chinese carps of early life history stages, we collected samples of fish eggs and larvae at Huangshi section during May to July in 2015 and 2016. A total of 67 fish eggs and 23 948 larvae were collected during the survey, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Ctenopharyngodon idella accounted for 77.0% and 18.1% of the total numbers, respectively. In 2015 and 2016, we estimated there were 0.20×10⁸ and 4.69×10⁸ eggs of the four major Chinese carps drifting through the Huangshi section, respectively; while there were 19.40×10⁸ and 13.65×10⁸ larvae, respectively. The spawning grounds of the four major Chinese carps are located in Lijiazhou, Ezhou, Daijiazhou and Daoshifu sections. Compared with the historical data, the location of spawning grounds had no significant change. It is suggested that enhancement and releasing is needed and the spawning habitat of the four major Chinese carps should be well-protected in the channel regulation project.