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太湖湖鲚种群数量变动及合理利用的研究
引用本文:唐渝.太湖湖鲚种群数量变动及合理利用的研究[J].水产学报,1987,11(1):61-73.
作者姓名:唐渝
作者单位:中国水产科学院淡水渔业研究中心
摘    要:本文根据1982年4月至1984年4月所采集的3964尾湖鲚样本,进行生长与死亡、不同体长的摄食习性的研究。研究表明,湖鲚的自然死亡系数M为0.52,捕捞死亡系数F为2.66,总死亡系数Z为3.18,生长的拐点年龄为2.548。体长达131mm时,饵料中开始出现经济鱼虾;体长达170mm时,饵料中的经济鱼虾比重急剧上升,出现率为50—100%,经济鱼虾饱和分指数占饱和总指数85—99%,其中白虾约占40%—94%。 本文应用Schaofer模式、Beverton-Holt模式计算得出:湖鲚开捕年龄为0.5龄时太湖最大持续渔获量为652.5万公斤,最适捕捞努力量为3190000(日,吨位)。综合分析认为合理利用湖鲚资源的最佳开捕年龄应为1.5龄,即使F不变,渔获量也将上升三倍。

关 键 词:湖鲚  太湖  种群动态学  谢夫尔模式  贝弗东一霍尔特模式

ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LAKE ANCHOVY IN TAIHU LAKE AND ITS RATIONAL EXPLOITATION
Tang Yu.ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LAKE ANCHOVY IN TAIHU LAKE AND ITS RATIONAL EXPLOITATION[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1987,11(1):61-73.
Authors:Tang Yu
Institution:Tang Yu Freshwater Fisheries Research Center
Abstract:An analysis was conducted on the lake anchovy Coilia ectenes tail-huensis (yen et Lin) gathered with a total of 3964 fish from April 1982 fo April1984, to study the characteristics of growth, mortality and feeding bebit in differentbody length. The result shows that its natoral mortality coefficient (M) was 0 .52;itsfishing mortality coefficient (F) was 2.66, and the total mortality coefficient was3.18. The turning point of growth was at 2.548. When the fish wan 131 mm inlength, small fish and shrimp were found in its stomach contents. At the length of170 mm, the ratio of fish in stomach contens increased as much as 50--100%. Thesaturation subcoefficient of fish could account for 85--99% of the total saturationcoefficient, among which the white shrimp was about 40--94%. According to Scha-efer and Beverton-Holt models, if mainiaining the present fishing method andcatehability. the equilibrium sustainable yield of the lake anchovy in Taihu Lakewould be 13,050,000 jin and the optimal fishing effort would be 3,190,000 jin/day. However, the integrated analysis indicates that the optimum age for the first catchshould be 1.5 years old rather than 0.5 year old, thus the yield would increase threetimes, even though F value remains no change.
Keywords:Lake anchovy  Coilia ectenes taithuensis Yen et Lin  Tai Hu Lake  Population dynamics  Schaefer Model  Beverton--Holt Model  
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