脱脂亮斑扁角水虻幼虫粉替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、营养素沉积率、血清生化指标和消化酶活性的影响

为研究脱脂亮斑扁角水虻幼虫粉(DBSFLM)替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、营养素沉积率、血清生化指标和消化酶活性的影响,本实验选用平均体质量为(1.67±0.01) g的黄颡鱼幼鱼480尾,随机分为4个处理组,分别投喂基础饲料(T0)和实验饲料脱脂亮斑扁角水虻幼虫粉分别替代鱼粉20%(T20)、40%(T40)和60%(T60)],每个处理组3个重复,每个重复40尾鱼,养殖8周。结果显示,随着DBSFLM替代量的增加,黄颡鱼生长呈先增加后降低的趋势;T20组的终末均重、增重率和特定生长率最高,且显著高于T60组;实验组T20和T60的摄食量显著高于对照组和T40组;实验组的腹脂指数、灰分和钙沉积率呈下降趋势,其中T60组的腹脂指数、T40和T60组的灰分和钙沉积率达到显著水平;与对照组T0相比,实验组的肥满度、脏体比、肝体比、肠体比和胃体比、蛋白质、脂肪和磷沉积率及黄颡鱼体蛋白、体脂肪和灰分均没有显著差异;血清胆固醇和甘油三脂显著降低,高密度/低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高,实验组T40的胃蛋白酶活性有增加趋势、肠道胰蛋白酶活性显著增加。研究表明,在本实验条件下,脱脂亮斑扁角水虻幼虫粉替代鱼粉不影响黄颡鱼幼鱼的生长性能和体组成含量,并可降低腹脂指数、血清甘油三酯、胆固醇含量及灰分、钙的沉积率,还可增加蛋白酶活性,以20%替代比例生长最佳,且优于对照组。

Effects of replacing fish meal with defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal on growth performance, nutrient retention, serum biochemical parameters and digestive enzymes activity of juvenile Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

A 56-d feeding trial with 480 yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) juveniles (1.67±0.01) g initial body weight] was carried out to estimate the effect of replacing fish meal with defatted black soldier fly larvae meal (DBSFLM) on growth performance, nutrient retention, serum biochemical parameters and digestive enzymes activity of juvenile P. fulvidraco. Fish were randomly allocated into four isolipidic and isoprotein dietary treatments which were formulated by replacing 0 (T0), 20% (T20), 40% (T40) and 60% (T60) of fish meal (FM) protein with DBSFLM. Each treatment was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 40 fish per aquarium. Fish were fed twice daily to apparent satiation. With increasing content of DBSFLM, the final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of yellow catfish increased first and then decreased. Growth performance of FBW, WGR and SGR in T20 were highest and higher than T60, whereas the feed conversion rate was the lowest. The feed intake in T20 and T60 was higher than that in control and T40 groups. With the increasing content of DBSFLM, the intraperitoneal fat index (IFI) was declining, T60 group was lower than control, and ash, calcium retention declining with T40 and T60 groups lower than control.There was no difference of condition factor, viscera index, hepatosomatic index, intestine index and gastric index among treatments. Nutrient retention such as protein,lipid and phosphorus, moisture, crude protein, lipid and ash in whole body were not affected by dietary treatments. Compared with control, the serum cholesterol and triglyceride were reduced and the high density/low density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in T20, T40 and T60 groups and pepsase and intestinal trypsin increased in T40 group. Results suggested that the growth performance and body composition of yellow catfish juveniles were not affected by dietary DBSFLM and the optimal alternative ratio was 20%, which was better than control. The replacement of fish meal with DBSFLM may reduce IFI, serum triglyceride, cholesterol and ash, calcium retention and increase protease activity.