青海湖裸鲤繁殖群体遗传多样性的RAPD分析

采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)方法对青海湖裸鲤的3个洄游繁殖群体-黑马河(HM)、布哈河(BH)及沙柳河(SL)群体各30个个体的DNA多态性进行了分析。用13个引物在三个群体中共检测出85个位点，其中多态性位点68个。青海湖裸鲤群体总的DNA多态位点百分率为80．0％。数据分析结果显示：青海湖裸鲤3个群体总的Nei基因多样性为0．3395，Shannon遗传多样性信息指数为0．4861，存在着较为丰富的遗传多样性。青海湖裸鲤3个群体间平均遗传距离为0．0788，基因分化系数Gst为0．1070，表明3个繁殖群体间产生了一定程度的遗传分化，通过UPGMA方法进行聚类分析显示，HM群体和BH群体优先聚类，表示它们之间的基因交流程度要高于它们分别与SL群体之间的交流。

Genetic diversity analysis of different populations of Gymnocypris przewalskii by RAPD

DNA polymorphism of thirty individuals of each of the three migrating reproductive populations of Gymnocypris przewalskii (Kessler) in the Qinghai Lake was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), which were Heimahe population (HM), Buhahe population (BH) and Shaliuhe population (SL). A total of 85 loci, including 68 polymorphic ones, were detected from the three populations by using 13 primers. The average percentage of polymorphic loci to total DNA of the three populations was 80.0%. The results of data analysis showed that the populations had on average the Nei's value of 0.3395 for gene diversity and the Shannon's information index of 0.4861, there existing a relatively abundant genetic diversity. The average genetic distance among the three populations was 0.0788. The gene differentiation coefficient (Gst) of 0.1070 indicated that there was genetic differentiation of a certain degree among the three populations. Clustering analysis by UPGMA method showed that HM and BH were clustered with priority, indicating that the gene flow of both populations was more frequent than that between either and SL.