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中国近海带鱼Trichiurus haumela (Forsk?l)种族的调查
引用本文:林新濯,王福刚,潘家模,刘曦棣,郑元甲.中国近海带鱼Trichiurus haumela (Forsk?l)种族的调查[J].水产学报,1965,2(4):11-23.
作者姓名:林新濯  王福刚  潘家模  刘曦棣  郑元甲
作者单位:水产部东海水产研究所 (林新濯,王福刚,潘家模,刘曦棣),水产部东海水产研究所(郑元甲)
摘    要:本文主要系采用生物测定学与解剖学相结合的方法,调查了中国近海带鱼的种族。调查项目包括鱼体测量、背鳍条数、胸鳍条数、幽门盲囊数、椎骨数、尾前愈合脉棘数、头后多髓棘椎骨数、第二臀担骨的完缺情况、骨瘤、腹腔寄生虫和鳔的形状等11项。三年调查期间,分析的样品共为24批,计2,232尾。其中渤海为3批,300尾,黄海为4批,382尾,东海为10批,1,128尾,南海为4批,265尾,北部湾为3批,157尾。大部分样品系随机取样采自产卵场,但也分析过两批越冬期的混合样品和3批同龄幼鱼样品。 根据11个项目调查结果的综合分析,中国近海的带鱼,可分为黄—渤海、东海—粤东、粤西、北部湾近岸、北部湾外海等五个种族。其中前二族与后三族差异更大,后三族鱼的共同特点是尾部均较短,幽门盲囊数及第二臀担骨的缺如程度远较前二族为高,鳔前端常呈螺旋形弯曲,然背鳍及尾前愈合脉棘数则远较前两族为低,成体一般都生有枕骨瘤和背、臀担骨癌。但五族鱼本身,无论在背鳍条数、幽门盲囊数、躯椎数、尾前愈合脉棘数和骨瘤等方面,亦各独自具有可供识别的一系列特点。各族鱼群的具体特征可参看表7。 带角是中国近海的一种主要经济鱼类。因此,对该鱼种族与洄游问题的探索,可以为今后该鱼资源的进一步开发与合理利用,提供必要的依据。


ON THE RACES OF THE HAIRTAILS TRICHIURUS HAUMELA(FORSK?L)INHABITING COASTAL WATERS OF CHINA
LIN XIN-ZHUO,WANG FU-GANG,PAN JTA-MO,LIU XI-DI and ZHEVG YUAN-JIA.ON THE RACES OF THE HAIRTAILS TRICHIURUS HAUMELA(FORSK?L)INHABITING COASTAL WATERS OF CHINA[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1965,2(4):11-23.
Authors:LIN XIN-ZHUO  WANG FU-GANG  PAN JTA-MO  LIU XI-DI and ZHEVG YUAN-JIA
Institution:East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Ministry of Fisheries;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Ministry of Fisheries;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Ministry of Fisheries;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Ministry of Fisheries;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Ministry of Fisheries
Abstract:This paper deals with the races of the hairtails Trichiurus haumela (Fors-kal) inhabiting coastal waters of china. The work was carried out during theperiod 1963-1965 by means of an anatomical as well as biometrical studies asfollows: (1) morphometrical measurement. (2) number of dorsal fin rays. (3)pectoral fin rays. (4) pyloric caeca. (5) the vertebrae. (6) fused pre-caudalhaemal spines. (7) post-cranial vertibrae with multiple neural spines. (8) de-gree of completeness of second anal pterygiophore. (9) the borny tubercle. (10)the parasites in abdominal cavity, and (11) the shape of the swim-bladder.Altogether 2232 samples in 24 lots were collected for ananalyses from theYellow Sea and Pohai, the East China Sea, the South China Sea, and the Gulfof Tongking. In addition, two lots of mixed samples and three lots of larvae ofthe same-year class have also been analized. The results obtained during the studies demonstrated that the hairtails maybe grouped into five local races, viz., (1) the Yellow Sea-Pohai race. (2) therace of the East China Sea-Eastern coast of Kwantung. (3) race of Westerncoast of Kwantung. (4) the race of coastal waters of the Gulf of Tongking. (5)the race offshore waters of the Gulf of Tongking. It is noticed that the first two races differ considerably from the otherthe three (Table 7).
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