强壮藻钩虾对中国明对虾与日本囊对虾生长和抗病力的影响

以强壮藻钩虾(以下简称钩虾)作为中国明对虾和日本囊对虾的天然饵料,以对虾人工配合饲料为对照研究钩虾对中国明对虾和日本囊对虾生长和抗病力的影响。对两种规格的中国明对虾体质量分别为(0.33±0.0204)g和(2.07±0.184)g,分别记为SF组和MF组]和日本囊对虾体质量为(0.25±0.018 1)g,记为SM组]分别投喂人工配合饲料和钩虾,养殖35 d。结果显示:(1)与人工配合饲料相比钩虾可以提高MF组和SM组对虾的特定生长率和SM组对虾的成活率;(2)钩虾可以显著提高SF组和SM组对虾血细胞总数(P<0.05);(3)钩虾可以显著提高3组对虾血清总蛋白含量(P<0.05)及SF组和SM组血蓝蛋白含量(P<0.05);(4)钩虾可以显著提高日本囊对虾溶菌酶活力(P<0.05);(5)钩虾可以显著提高FM组和SM组对虾酚氧化酶活力和超氧化物歧化酶活力(P<0.05);(6)钩虾可以显著性提高SF组和SM组对虾血清过氧化物酶相对活力(P<0.05);(7)对虾健康指标总得分与其感染WSSV后的100%致死时间关系密切,两者之间呈现一定的线性关系(R2=0.948 9)。研究结果表明,钩虾与对虾人工配合饲料相比可以促进中国明对虾和日本囊对虾的生长及提高对虾抗病力。

Effects of Ampithoe valida on growth and anti-disease ability of the Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Marsupenaeus japonicas

In this paper,shrimps of Fenneropenaeus chinensis with the body weight of(0.33±0.020 4) g(SF group)and(2.07±0.184) g(MF group)respectively and Marsupenaeus japonicus with(0.25±0.018 1) g(SM group)were fed with gammarid Ampithoe valida to determine the effects of gammarid on growth and anti-disease ability of the shrimps.The results were as follows:(1)Compared with shrimp pellet feed,gammarid can improve SGR of shrimps in MF and SM groups and can improve survive rate of shrimps in SM group too.(2)Gammarid can raise the total number of blood cells of shrimps in SF and SM groups significantly(P<0.05).(3)Gammarid can improve total protein level in blood of three shrimp groups significantly(P<0.05)and can also improve hemocyanin of shrimps in SF and SM groups significantly(P<0.05).(4)Gammarid can improve activity of LSZ of M.japonicus.(5)Gammarid can improve activity of PO and SOD of shrimps in MF and SM groups significantly(P<0.05).(6)Gammarid can improve the relative activity of POD of shrimps in SF and SM groups significantly(P<0.05).(7)There is a linear relationship between the total score of healthy index and the time during which shrimps were all killed by WSSV(R2=0.948 9).The results show that:Gammarid can improve growth and anti-disease ability of the F.chinensis and M.japonicus compared with pellet feed and the best time for gammarid as nature food is when the shrimps are larvae.