卵胎生许氏平鲉胚胎离体培养及发育形态学

为了探讨许氏平鲉的离体培养发育形态学并设计出最适的体外培养液,以海水生理盐水为主要配方,设为对照(第一组),分别加入1%许氏平鲉血清(第二组),1%许氏平鲉卵巢组织匀浆(第三组),1%胎牛血清(第四组),1%许氏平鲉血清+1%许氏平鲉卵巢组织匀浆(第五组),共形成5组不同的离体培养液。分2次从妊娠许氏平鲉卵巢中获得处于不同发育阶段的胚胎,分别为高囊胚期、晶体出现期,在上述5种不同的培养液中培养,观察记录发育状况。结果发现,胚胎在体外培养的初始阶段为高囊胚期时,虽然在5组培养液中都能发育到十六肌节期,但是每组的发育时序有很大差别,第五组发育状况最好,发育最快,为60 h。第四组发育最慢,为67 h。其余组的发育时间介于第四组和第五组之间;当初始阶段为晶体出现期时,第五组中的胚胎发育速率最快,为57 h,并且有最高的孵化率,为80%。第二组虽然有很快的发育速率,但其孵化率最低,为40%。研究表明,在体外培养条件下,许氏平鲉的受精卵发育至破膜时约200 h,且第五组(1%许氏平鲉血清+1%许氏平鲉卵巢组织匀浆)是使许氏平鲉胚胎离体发育最快的培养液。

The developmental morphology of ovoviviparous Sebastes schlegeli in vitro culture

In order to explore the developmental embryo morphology in vitro culture and design the most optimal embryo medium for Sebastes schlegeli, physiological saline as the main formula set as control group (first group) was respectively supplemented with 1% serum of S. schlegeli (second group), 1% homogenate of ovarian tissue of S. schlegeli (third group), 1% fetal bovine serum (fourth group), 1% serum of S. schlegeli and 1% homogenate of ovarian tissue of S. schlegeli (fifth group), which formed into five different media. High blastocyst stage and crystal stage were respectively set as the original embryonic phase, and then were placed in the above five different media. According to the observation and records, present study found that when the original embryonic stage was high blastocyst stage, although embryo in every group can develop to 16-sarcomere stage, developmental speed and duration greatly varied. The fifth group displayed fastest developmental speed for 60 h, the fourth groups show the worst performance for 67 h and the speeds of the rest of the groups were between the fourth group and fifth group; when the initial stage was crystal phase, the fifth had the fastest speed for 57 h and the highest hatching rate at 80%. The second possessed identical speed, but had lowest hatching ability for 40%. Research showed that, under the in vitro culture condition, it needed about 200 h to make fertilized eggs develop to newly hatched larvae and it was the fifth embryonic medium that made the embryo have fastest developmental speed in S. schlegeli.