我国鱼类近缘杂交研究及其在水产养殖上的应用

基因型不同的动物体间相互交配的过程称为杂交(hybridization)。杂交是被广泛采用的育种手段。杂交的主要目的在于获得杂种优势,并通过杂交选育新品种或新品系。根据杂交亲本的亲缘关系,杂交可分为远缘杂交(remote hybridization,distant hybridization)和近缘杂交(closehybrid

Close hybridization of fish and its application in aquaculture

Based on a large number of research papers,this roundup was described from three aspects:(1) The general situation of studies on close hybridization of fish in China,emphatically introduced 15 kinds of hybrids,varieties and strains obtained by close hybridization,including Feng carp,He-yuan carp,Yue carp,tri-crossed carp,Furong carp,Jian carp,cold-resistant strain in purse red carp,Songpu carp,Xing-de carp,red mirror carp,blue scale carp and New GIFT tilapia,etc.;(2) The application of fish close hybridization in aquaculture,for example the utilization of heterosis,induction of triploid,resistance breeding (cold-resistant,disease-resistant),breeding of new varieties,variety rejuvenation,rescue of rare varieties,and improvement of fish meat materials,etc.;(3) Some problems on close hybridization of fish,that is,correct idea on hybridization,selection and pairs of parent,parental purity and heterosis,application of back cross and multiple cross.It is strictly prohibited for the hybrid to propagate offspring.