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尼罗罗非鱼无乳链球菌病的病理学研究
引用本文:祝璟琳,邹芝英,李大宇,肖炜,韩珏,杨弘.尼罗罗非鱼无乳链球菌病的病理学研究[J].水产学报,2014,38(11):1937-1944.
作者姓名:祝璟琳  邹芝英  李大宇  肖炜  韩珏  杨弘
作者单位:中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心
基金项目:中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2012A0508;2013A0607;2014A06XK10);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-49);罗非鱼原良种保种选育专项(2130135);现代农业人才支撑计划
摘    要:为了解尼罗罗非鱼感染无乳链球菌后各组织的病理变化,运用革兰氏染色和电镜负染技术对一株从自然发病的尼罗罗非鱼上分离的无乳链球菌进行形态观察,采用组织切片和超薄切片电镜技术对患病尼罗罗非鱼的肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、脑、心肌、骨骼肌、肠、鳃等8种组织进行病理学研究,探讨该病的致病机理。结果显示,革兰氏染色呈阳性,负染后透射电镜观察多数细菌呈链状排列;组织病理学变化主要是各内脏器官的广泛充血、水肿、变性和炎性细胞浸润,严重的细胞坏死;超微病理显示,大量球菌侵染脾脏等内脏组织,破坏细胞结构和各种细胞器;细胞界限模糊,细胞核畸形,线粒体肿大,嵴断裂,溶解;粗面内质网肿大、核糖体脱落;细胞质空泡化严重;心肌和骨骼肌纤维断裂、紊乱、肌节长短不一;肠微绒毛排列不整齐、长短不一;眼中有纤维性沉积。研究表明,无乳链球菌能造成尼罗罗非鱼全身性组织器官损害和炎症反应,尤其是肝脏、脾脏、肾脏和脑等重要器官功能障碍和衰竭,最后导致鱼体死亡。

关 键 词:罗非鱼  无乳链球菌  病理学  超微结构
收稿时间:2014/6/23 0:00:00
修稿时间:2014/10/15 0:00:00

Pathological changes in tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)naturally infected by Streptococcus agalactiae
ZHU Jinglin,ZOU Zhiying,LI Dayu,XIAO Wei,HAN Jue and YANG Hong.Pathological changes in tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)naturally infected by Streptococcus agalactiae[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2014,38(11):1937-1944.
Authors:ZHU Jinglin  ZOU Zhiying  LI Dayu  XIAO Wei  HAN Jue and YANG Hong
Institution:Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Abstract:The pathological changes present in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) naturally infected by Streptococcus agalactiae were described under optical and transmission electron microscope. Histopathological examination showed edema, hemorrhage, degeneration, necrosis and the inflammatory response in many organs. Ultrastructural pathology examination indicated that Streptococcus agalactiae widely distributed in internal organs, especially the spleen. Cocci-shaped bacteria were phagocytised by macrophages. Moreover, a series of pathological changes were found in the target tissue cells. The cellular membrane was indistinct, and the regular cytoplasmic compartmentation was lost. Cells with aberrant nuclei appeared singly or in clusters, accompanied with the destruction of mitochondrial structure and the expansion and distortion of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Cells containing such features were frequently accompanied by vacuolar degeneration in cytoplasm. Cardiac and dorsal muscle fibers were fractured and disordered. Sarcomere length of dorsal fiber bundles differed and myofibril focal dissolved. Microvillus arranged disorderly and different length. Fibrin precipitated in necrotic foci of the eye. These observations indicated that Streptococcus agalactiae can cause a simultaneous development of multiple-organ lesions with an acute systemic inflammation in the host. Failure of initial phagocytosis and killing of the bacteria by the host immune response will allow the establishment of disease.
Keywords:tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)  Streptococcus agalactiae  pathology  ultrastructure
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