浙江滩涂贝类种业科技创新发展及展望

我国拥有1 512 300 hm²沿海滩涂，而滩涂贝类是潮间带滩涂的优势种类，具有生长快、适应性强、环境友好等诸多优点，因此发展滩涂贝类养殖空间广阔、条件优越、潜力巨大。浙江滩涂贝类养殖历史悠久，在养殖技术与模式、人工采苗与育苗、大规格苗种培育、新品种培育等方面具有明显特色和优势，同时在种业科技创新与发展方面面临巨大挑战。本文综述了浙江滩涂贝类养殖产业、苗种生产技术、种质创新与良种创制的历史与现状，围绕经济性状精准测评、育种技术创新、优质抗逆新品种培育、高效扩繁关键技术和装备研发、种业体系建设等方面，提出了未来特别是“十四五”期间滩涂养殖贝类良种创制与种业发展的重点任务。

Development and prospect for scientific and technological innovation of mudflat mollusk breeding industry in Zhejiang

China has more than 1 512 300 hm² of coastal mud. The mudflat mollusks as the dominant species in the intertidal zone possess many advantages, including fast growth, strong adaptability and environmental friendliness. Therefore, the development of mudflat mollusk aquaculture has great prospects, superior conditions and considerable potential. Zhejiang province has a long history of mudflat mollusk aquaculture and developed distinct characteristics and advantages in the aspects of cultivation technology and model, artificial spat collection and seed breeding, large-scale breeding and breeding of new varieties. However, it also faces severe challenges in the technology innovations and development of the mollusk seed industry. This paper reviewed the history and current status of mudflat mollusk aquaculture industry, seed production technology, germplasm innovation and variety improvement in Zhejiang province. Arrangement of the topics around the highly efficient and accurate evaluation of economic traits, breeding technology innovation, breeding of new varieties with high quality and stress resistance, key technologies and equipment research of efficient propagation, and seed industry system construction were discussed. The key tasks of new varieties breeding and seed industry development of Zhejiang mudflat mollusk in the future, especially in the 14th Five-Year Plan period are proposed.