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草鱼蛋白质和脂肪代谢对饥饿胁迫的响应
引用本文:朱站英,华雪铭,于 宁,邢思华,王 军,周洪琪.草鱼蛋白质和脂肪代谢对饥饿胁迫的响应[J].水产学报,2012,36(5):756-763.
作者姓名:朱站英  华雪铭  于 宁  邢思华  王 军  周洪琪
作者单位:1. 上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海,201306
2. 上海海洋大学农业部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306;杭州海皇饲料开发有限公司,浙江杭州311100
基金项目:中国水产科学研究院热带亚热带鱼类选育与养殖重点开放实验室课题; 上海市科委地方院校能力建设项目(073205111); 上海高校创新团队“水产动物营养饲料与养殖环境”建设项目资助
摘    要:实验选取平均体质量(31.86±1.47) g的草鱼, 随机分为2个实验组, 对照组(CG)和饥饿组(SG), 每组3个平行, 饥饿处理15、30、45和60 d, 测定饥饿对鱼体的生长、肌肉生化组成、血液生化指标以及蛋白质代谢的影响。结果表明: 饥饿组肥满度、脏体比、肝体比显著低于对照组。随着饥饿时间的延长, 草鱼肌肉中的水分含量逐渐增加, 脂肪和蛋白质含量呈现降低趋势, 脂肪含量在4个时期没有明显的差异(P>0.05), 水分和蛋白质含量分别呈现差异性增加和降低的趋势。血清总蛋白在饥饿15 d时与对照组没有明显的差异(P>0.05), 其后3个时期对照组显著高于饥饿组(P<0.05), 但饥饿组后3个时期趋于稳定。随着饥饿时间的延长, 白蛋白、总胆固醇和甘油三脂含量在4个时期与对照组都有明显变化(P<0.05), 饥饿组呈现先降低后升高再降低的波浪形变化。丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性在15、60 d时与对照组没有明显的变化(P>0.05), 在30 d时先降低, 45 d时显著升高(P<0.05)。随着饥饿时间的延长, 与对照组相比RNA︰DNA在肌肉中没有明显的差异(P>0.05), 在肝胰脏中与对照组呈现显著性差异, 随着时间的延长饥饿组呈现先降低后增高的趋势。谷氨酸脱氢酶活性在肌肉中于饥饿15 d时与对照组没有明显差异(P<0.05), 其后比对照组显著增加, 随着时间的延长饥饿组谷氨酸脱氢酶活性呈现上升的趋势; 在15、45 d时与对照组没有明显的变化(P>0.05), 在30、45 d时显著升高(P<0.05)。肝胰脏中谷氨酸脱氢酶活性在4个时期比对照组有显著的增加; 与肌肉相比, 肝胰脏和血清中谷氨酸脱氢酶活性是一种有效的反应蛋白质代谢的指标。草鱼对体内贮能物质(蛋白质和脂肪)的动用并不是简单地与饥饿时间呈线性相关, 而是出现周期性和阶段性起伏的变化。

关 键 词:草鱼    饥饿    蛋白质代谢    脂肪代谢
收稿时间:2011/10/27 0:00:00
修稿时间:2011/12/26 0:00:00

Response of lipid and protein metabolism of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) to starvation
ZHU Zhan-ying,HUA Xue-ming,YU Ning,XING Si-hu,WANG Jun and ZHOU Hong-qi.Response of lipid and protein metabolism of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) to starvation[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2012,36(5):756-763.
Authors:ZHU Zhan-ying  HUA Xue-ming  YU Ning  XING Si-hu  WANG Jun and ZHOU Hong-qi
Institution:shanghai ocean university,Key laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Agriculture,Key laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Agriculture,Key laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Agriculture,Key laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Agriculture,Key laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Ministry of Agriculture
Abstract:Starvation is a situation undergone and tolerated by many fish species in the natural environment.Starvation is also an important environment factor for fish and it can affect fish growth,metabolism,be-havior,reproduction,development and survival,as well as causes fish to infect diseases even to death.In order to estimate effects of starvation on growth,physiological and biochemical parameters of grass carp,fish with body weight(31.86±1.47) g were randomly divided into two groups(the starvation group,the con-trol group),the starvation group was starved for 15,30,45,60 d and the control group fed diet which met the nutritional requirements of grass carp.The results showed,with the prolonged time of starvation,hepa-tosomatic index and viserosomatic index decreased significantly compared with the control group(P<0.05).During the starvation,protein and lipid contents in muscle markedly declined,and moisture content in-creased(P<0.05).The contents of total protein,triacylglycerol,total cholesterol,ALT and ALB in the se-rum fluctuated in wave-like curves and decreased as a whole during starvation.As one of the important indexes reflecting the growth of fishes,RNA︰DNA ratio in muscle had no significant difference,but there were significant differences in the hepatopancreas tissue compared with the control group(P<0.05).In or-der to estimate the effects of starvation on the protein metabolism,the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase was determined in serum,muscular and hepatopancreas tissues.The results showed that the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase was increased with the time increase of the starvation in the hepatopancreas,not in the other tissues.Glutamic dehydrogenase in serum and hepatopancreas was regarded as an operative index of protein metabolization compared with those in muscle tissue.To sum up,the tested fish used the substances(lipid and protein) of body which fluctuated in wave-like curves during 60-day starvation period.
Keywords:Ctenopharyngodon idellus  starvation  lipid metabolism  protein metabolism
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