二种海胆性腺的脂质组成及其抗氧化活性

为分析马粪海胆和光棘球海胆性腺的脂质组成和抗氧化活性，采用核磁共振和气相色谱—质谱技术对2种海胆性腺油脂的脂质成分和脂肪酸组成进行分析，并通过DPPH自由基清除法、羟基自由基清除法和超氧阴离子自由基清除法对其脂质的抗氧化活性进行研究。结果显示，马粪海胆和光棘球海胆性腺脂质均以甘油三酯和磷脂为主，胆固醇、胆固醇酯和游离脂肪酸含量较低。马粪海胆和光棘球海胆性腺总脂富含C20:4n-6和C20:5n-3，且二者总量分别占脂肪酸含量的35.88%和34.98%；同时2种海胆性腺的中性脂和极性脂的脂肪酸组成存在较大差异，中性脂以C14:0和C16:0等饱和脂肪酸为主，而极性脂以C20:4n-6和C20:5n-3等多不饱和脂肪酸为主。马粪海胆和光棘球海胆性腺脂质对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基和超氧阴离子自由基均具有较好的清除能力，DPPH自由基IC₅₀分别为2.75和1.98 mg/mL，羟基自由基IC₅₀分别为0.33和0.29 mg/mL，超氧阴离子自由基IC₅₀分别为0.33和0.31 mg/mL。研究表明，马粪海胆和光棘球海胆性腺脂质具有较高的营养价值和抗氧化活性，可作为C20:4n-6、C20:5n-3和磷脂等功能性脂质因子的重要膳食来源。

Lipid compositions and antioxidant activities ofHemicentrous pulcherrimus and Strongylocentrotus nudus gonads

In order to analyze the lipid compositions and antioxidant activities of Hemicentrous pulcherrimus and Strongylocentrotus nudus gonads, the lipid and fatty acid compositions were analyzed by NMR and GC-MS, and the antioxidant activities were determined by the methods of DPPH radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging and superoxide anion radical scavenging in this paper. The experimental results indicated that the triacylglycerols and phospholipids were the predominant lipid components of H. pulcherrimus and S. nudus gonads, while the contents of free fatty acids, cholesterol and cholesteryl esters were relatively low. Meanwhile, C20:4n-6 and C20:5n-3 were the major polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the total contents of C20:4n-6 and C20:5n-3 reached respectively 35.88% in H. pulcherrimus and 34.98% in S. nudus. The remarkable differences were observed in the fatty acid compositions of neutral lipids and polar lipids. Neutral lipids were chiefly composed with C14:0 and C16:0, whereas polar lipids mainly of C20:4n-6 and C20:5n-3. H. pulcherrimus and S. nudus gonad lipids exhibited great scavenging activity on DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical. The IC₅₀ values of H. pulcherrimus and S. nudus gonad lipids to DPPH radical were 2.75 and 1.98 mg/mL, and were 0.33 and 0.29 mg/mL to hydroxyl radical, 0.33 and 0.31 mg/mL to superoxide anion radical, respectively. The results suggested that H. pulcherrimus and S. nudus gonad lipids had high nutritional values and antioxidant activities, and could be the important dietary sources of C20:4n-6, C20:5n-3 and phospholipids.