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白色霞水母各发育阶段的形态
引用本文:董婧.白色霞水母各发育阶段的形态[J].水产学报,2006,30(6):761-766.
作者姓名:董婧
作者单位:辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁,大连,116023
基金项目:辽宁省自然科学基金;日本学术振兴会访问学者基金
摘    要:对白色霞水母从受精卵到成体水母各发育期的形态进行了描述。受精卵发育成带纤毛的浮 浪幼虫,浮浪幼虫在定置前形成一种凸面的圆形浮浪幼体囊, 经脱囊狭窄柄部拉长进而变成一个细长颈瓶形状,萌发出4个触手成为早期螅状体;螅状体可产生足囊和通过产生匍匐茎形成囊胞进而发育成新的螅状体;横裂为典型的单碟型横裂;新释放的碟状幼体绝大多数为8个缘叶,8个感觉棍和8对钝圆的缘瓣,但畸形个体最多12个,最少6个缘叶,同时对海蜇与白色霞水母的碟状幼体形态进行了比较。成体水母伞径200~300 mm,大型个体超过500 mm。外伞表面光滑,近中央的伞顶上有许多密集的刺胞丛隆起, 8个缘叶,8个感觉棍,口腕非常发达,口腕上有大量刺细胞团。可根据感觉胃囊和触手囊是否连接、缘瓣水管的排列类型、外伞顶中央是否有刺细胞丛以及个体伞径和颜色对白色霞水母、发形霞水母、棕色霞水母和紫色霞水母进行鉴别。

关 键 词:白色霞水母  发育期  形态
文章编号:1000-0615(2006)06-0761-06
收稿时间:2006-01-09
修稿时间:2006-01-09

Morphology of Cyanea nozakii in different developmental stages
DONG Jing.Morphology of Cyanea nozakii in different developmental stages[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2006,30(6):761-766.
Authors:DONG Jing
Institution:Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute
Abstract:Since the end of the 20th century,jellyfish Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye bloomed in Northeastern China Sea,the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea,and there was tendency for increasing intensity.They have led to the broken net and influenced the fishing season of the East China Sea,the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.The main purpose of this study was to provide taxonomic evidence when investigations of Cyanea nozakii in natural fields were carried out for the forecast of jellyfish blooming.In this paper,morphology of different developmental stages of the scyphozoan Cyanea nozakii was described particularly from fertilized-egg to adult medusa stages.The fertilized eggs develop into a ciliated planulae which form into plano-convex cysts(planulocysis) on attachment prior to forming a polyp.Elongation of the barrowing stalk occurs in the early excystment,flask-shaped in outline gradually becomes newly metamorphosed scyphistoma with four tentacles.They reproduce asexually by two ways including podocyst and stolon.Strobilation is typically monodiscous.Newly liberated ephyra have 8 marginal lobes,8 rhopalia and 8 pairs of blunt-shaped lappets,aberrant specimens with maximum 12 and minimum 6 marginal lobes.In the mean time,morphological difference between ephyra of Cyanea nozakii and ephyra of Rhopilema esculentum are compared.Adult medusa of Cyanea nozakii are about 200-300 mm,maximum size of over 500 mm.Middle of smooth exumbrella is marked by a lot of scattered nematocyst batteries.They have 8 marginal lobes,8 rhopalia,strong oral canalis carpi,and a lot of long tentacles.By the characters of tentacular pouches is connected with sense gastric pouches on the fringe of the umbrella by transverse tube,and peripheral canals with numerous anastomoses,Cyanea nozakii would be distinguished from Cyanea capillata,Cyanea ferruginea and Cyanea purpurea.
Keywords:Cyanea nozakii  developmental stages  morphology
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