鳖嗜水气单胞菌败血症的研究

将病鳖进行细菌分离，获得的菌株经细菌学鉴定，致病菌为嗜水气单胞菌（Ａｅｒｏｍｏｎａｓｈｙｄｒｏｐｈｉｌａ）。病鳖食欲减退以至不吃食，反应迟钝；颈部充血，腹甲严重充血，甚至出血、溃疡，体表可见形成的疤痕；口腔、舌尖和鼻孔充血，甚至口、鼻孔中流出血水；肝脏、肾脏、脾脏肿大，有坏死病灶。组织病理观察表明：大量细菌侵入肺、肾、脾、血液、心脏和肌肉等器官组织，造成出血以及全身性组织损害，组织细胞出现肿胀、颗粒变性、玻璃样变和坏死崩解；血管壁严重受损，内皮细胞坏死脱落。血管内以及器官组织血液中大量红细胞变形、碎裂、溶解，呈现溶血性贫血，血液中白细胞数量极少，病变区无白细胞浸润现象。病鳖由于血细胞广泛受损、心脏病变、肺组织严重坏死，影响气体交换，最终因呼吸困难而窒息死亡。肝、肾和脾等器官组织坏死，失去应有的功能，更加速病鳖的死亡进程。疾病的病理变化表明本病为败血症。鳖病的治疗方法：重病鳖体表病灶处涂抹鱼泰８号药，后腿肌肉注射治鳖灵２号药以及轻病鳖口服治鳖灵１号药，并改善水环境等措施后，治愈率在９０％以上。此外，提出了９条综合性防病措施

STUDIES ON THE AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA SEPTICEMIA OF SOFT-SHELLED ( TRION YX SINENSIS)

Acquired St ra ins, w hich wer e iso lated f rom naturally infected so f t-shelled turt les and identif ied by the bacter io logical metho d, w ere Aeromonas hydr op hila. D isease d sof t-shelled tur tles we re letharg ic and appe ared hyperaemia in neck, mouth, nose, the t ip of tongue, and ser ious hyperaemia, haemo rrhag e, ulcers, scar s in the abdomen. Mo uth and no se w ere running f luid w ith bloo d. Liver, kidney and spleen w ere oedema, with some necro t ic foci. Histopatholo gical changes: Many bacter ia invaded lung, kidney, spleen, blo od, heart and muscle, causing haemor rhage and extensive t issue damage, w here cells appear ed oedema, granular degenerat io n, hya line degener atio n and necroly sis. Blo od vessels wer e serio usly damaged, and their epithelial cells were necr osis and fel l aw ay. A large number of erythro cy tes in the bloo d v essels a nd t issues w ere deformed, bro ken and haemo lyzed, w hich led to haemo lyt ic a nemia. The number o f leuco cy tes decreased in the blo od, and ther e w as no inf lammator y r espo nse aro und the necro t ic fo ci. Ex tensive ly damaged blo od cel ls, hear t t issue a nd se riously ne cr ot ic lung a f fected oxy gen ex cha ng e, deseased so f t-shelled turt le s died due to dif f icult br eathing. Necro t ic Liv er, kidney and spleen lo st the ir funct io ns, w hich facilitate d the death o f diseased sof t-she lled turt les. Histopatho logical co urse show ed that the disease w as septicaemia. Thera py of ser iously diseased so f t-shelled turt les was tha t their external ulcer s w ere sw abbed w ith ..YU TAI-8" dr ug, and ..Z HI BIE LING-2" dr ug w as injected into their hind legs. Slight ly dise ased so f tshe lled tur t le s w ere fed by the foo d inco rpor ated w ith ..ZHI BIE LING-1 " drug . Meanw hile, w ater quality wa s impro ved. The to ta l cure r ate w as ov er 90%. Lastly , the comprehensive prevent ive measur es aga inst so f t-shelled tur tle disea se w ere mentio ned.