5种壳色长牡蛎不同组织中金属元素的分析与评价

为评估不同壳色长牡蛎金属元素价值,实采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)和近红外(NIR)分析模型对5种壳色(壳黑、壳紫、壳橙、壳金和壳白)长牡蛎4个组织(外套膜、鳃、闭壳肌和性腺—内脏团)中的Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn和Se元素含量进行检测分析,并比较与对照群体金属元素含量的差异以及5种壳色长牡蛎各组织间含量的差异。结果发现,在外套膜中,壳紫、壳橙和壳黑长牡蛎中Zn含量显著高于对照群体,壳紫长牡蛎Cu含量显著高于壳金和对照群体,壳金长牡蛎Mn含量显著高于壳紫和壳黑长牡蛎,其他元素在各群体中含量无显著差异;在鳃中,壳金长牡蛎Mn含量显著高于壳黑和对照群体,其他组份在6个群体无显著性差异;在闭壳肌中,壳橙和壳紫长牡蛎Zn的含量显著高于对照群体,其他组份在各群体中差异不显著;在性腺—内脏团中,壳橙长牡蛎Zn和Mn含量均显著高于对照群体,且Cu的含量显著高于壳金长牡蛎,其他元素在6个群体中含量无显著性差异。4个组织中各金属元素含量差异显著,其中闭壳肌内各金属元素含量显著低于鳃、外套膜和性腺—内脏团。研究表明,不同壳色长牡蛎之间以及不同壳色与对照群体之间在部分金属元素含量上已表现出分化,这为长牡蛎壳色新品系选育提供了重要的基础资料。

Analysis and evaluation of mineral contents in different tissues of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) with five shell colors

In order to assess the minerals values of five shell colors (black, purple, orange, golden and white) strains of Crassostrea gigas and one control population, the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer and visible near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy were used to determine the minerals (Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Se) in different organs (mantle, gill, adductor muscle, and gonad-visceral mass). Results indicated that the purple shell, orange shell and black shell strains showed a significantly higher Zn content than that of control population (P<0.05), while the purple shell color strain had significantly higher Cu content than the golden shell color strain and control population (P<0.05), but the golden shell color strain showed a significantly higher Mn content compared with the purple shell and black shell color strains in the mantle (P<0.05). The golden shell color strain showed significantly higher Mn in gill than the black shell color strain and control population (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in other minerals (P>0.05). In addition, the orange shell and purple shell color strains had significantly higher Zn content than the control population in adductor muscle (P<0.05). When considering the minerals in gonad-visceral mass, the orange shell color strain showed significantly higher Zn and Mn contents than the control population (P<0.05), and had significantly higher Cu content than the golden shell color strain (P<0.05). Mineral contents displayed significant difference among the four tissues. The contents of minerals in adductor muscle were significantly lower than those in mantle, gill and gonad-visceral mass (P<0.05). These results indicated that minerals significantly changed in the process of selective breeding, providing useful information for developing shell color strains in future.