气候变化对海洋渔业资源的影响

气候变化问题是近年来国际社会关注的热点,海洋是气候系统储存能量的主要载体,气候变化给生活于其中的鱼类带来的影响不可忽视。气候的变化影响着各大洋低频气候变化模式以及海洋环境要素的变化,这些变化通过对鱼类个体的直接作用或生态系统食物链传递的间接作用影响海洋鱼类,包括鱼类的生理(生长、繁殖、洄游)、物候、资源量以及分布等,并形成了对海洋生态系统的影响,最终影响人类对渔业资源的管理。本文通过收集国内外相关文献,侧重从海洋鱼类资源量、分布变化以及海洋生态系统和渔业资源管理4个方面,综述了气候变化对渔业资源产生的影响,为应对气候变化、实现对渔业资源开发的可持续发展研究提供基础。

Climate change implications for marine fishery resources

The issue of climate change is a hot topic in the international community in recent years. Ocean is the main carrier for the climate system to store energy; the implications of climate change to marine fish in general must not be neglected. The changing of climate affects the changing of the low frequency climate variability patterns and marine environmental factors. Through the direct effect to individual or indirect effect transferred by ecosystem food chain, marine fish have been affected by these changes, including fish physiology (growth, breeding, migration), phenology, the abundance and distribution of resources, as well as marine ecosystem, and finally all those brought influence on fishery resources management. By collecting relevant literature domestic and abroad, this paper focuses on, four aspects i.e., abundance and distribution of resources, marine ecosystem, and fishery resources management, reviewed the impact of climate change on fisheries resources, so as to cope with climate change, and provide research foundation for realizing the sustainable development of fishery resources.