三角帆蚌生长性状和内壳色与所产无核珍珠质量的相关性分析

为了研究供片蚌和育珠蚌对无核珍珠质量的影响,以三角帆蚌紫色选育系F₅为材料,在插植无核珍珠前,测量了供片蚌和育珠蚌的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量等生长性状,检测了供片蚌内壳色颜色参数L、a、b、dE。经过18个月育珠,测量了育珠蚌的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量,计算其特定生长率,检测了育珠蚌内壳色颜色参数L、a、b、dE,测量了育珠蚌所产无核珍珠的颜色、大小、圆度、光泽和产珠量。结果发现,供片蚌生长性状与所产无核珍珠大小、圆度和产珠量相关性不显著(P>0.05)。供片蚌内壳色与无核珍珠颜色相关性极显著(r=-0.400~0.376,P<0.01),供片蚌dE值越大所产紫色珍珠比例越高、dE值越小所产白色珍珠比例越高。育珠蚌特定生长率与所产无核珍珠大小、光泽和产珠量相关性极显著(r=0.237~0.516,P<0.01),相关程度为体重> 壳长> 壳宽> 壳高,育珠蚌特定生长率与所产无核珍珠圆度相关性极显著(r=-0.284~-0.256,P<0.01),相关程度为壳长>体质量>壳宽>壳高。育珠蚌内壳色与所产无核珍珠颜色、大小、圆度、光泽和产珠量相关性不显著(P>0.05)。综合各性状相关性分析,改良供片蚌内壳色可以改良珍珠颜色,改良育珠蚌的生长性状可以改良珍珠大小、光泽、圆度和产珠量。

Correlation analysis of non-nucleated pearl quality parameters with growth traits and inner shell color of Hyriopsis cumingii

In order to study the effect of donor and host mussels on the quality of non-nucleated pearls in freshwater pearl mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii),the purple strain F₅ of H.cumingii was chosen as materials.Before grafting the saibos into mantles,the growth traits (shell length,shell height,shell width and body weight) of donor and host mussels were respectively recorded,and the inner shell color parameters including L,a,b,dE of donor mussels were measured.At the 18th month after grafting,the specific growth rate and inner shell color of the host mussels were measured.Besides,the color,size,roundness,luster and weight of pearls were noted.The results showed that there was no significant correlation with the growth traits of the donor mussels and the non-nucleated pearl quality (P>0.05),and that extremely significant correlation existed between inner shell color of the donor and pearls color (P<0.01).Moreover,the greater the dE value of the donor mussels is,the higher percentage of purple pearl the mussel can produce,whereas,a higher percentage of white pearl was yielded when dE value of the donor mussels turns out to be lower.Specific growth rate of the host mussels had highly significantly positive correlation with the pearl size,luster and pearl yield (P<0.01).The degree of correlation:body weight> shell length> shell width> shell height.Specific growth rate of the host mussels is anremarkably correlated with pearl roundness (P<0.01).The degree of correlation:shell length> body weight> shell width> shell height.No significant correlation between the inner shell color of the host mussels and the non-nucleated pearl quality was found (P>0.05).In consideration of all the correlations above,it can be concluded that the pearl color is probably improved by improving the inner shell color of the donor mussels,and that non-nucleated pearl quality (size,luster,roundness,pearl yield) can be greatly enhanced by promoting growth traits of the host mussels.