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胶州湾贻贝的生长
引用本文:张福绥,何义朝,李淑英,刘祥生,马江虎,陈昭华,张秀峰.胶州湾贻贝的生长[J].水产学报,1981,5(2):133-146.
作者姓名:张福绥  何义朝  李淑英  刘祥生  马江虎  陈昭华  张秀峰
作者单位:[1]青岛市第二海水养殖场 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所
摘    要:本文报道了胶州湾贻贝生长的研究结果。研究的对象有来自烟台、大连、青岛的自然春苗和青岛的自然秋苗、人工春苗、人工秋苗和在胶州湾东部青岛市第二海水养殖场养殖的贻贝。对壳长、壳重、肉质部、体重的生长,作了仔细观察,测定了生长率和生长值。研究的结果表明,养殖大苗比养殖小苗能大幅度提高产量,作为提高产量的措施,应当力求早分苗、养大苗。

关 键 词:贻贝  生长  大苗  秋苗  高产  小苗  分苗  人工  研究结果  观察

OBSERVATIONS ON THE GROWTH OF MUSSELS IN JIAOZHOU WAN
Zhang Fusui,He Yichao,Li Shuying,Liu Xiangsheng,Ma Jianghu,Chen Zhaohua and Zhang Siufung.OBSERVATIONS ON THE GROWTH OF MUSSELS IN JIAOZHOU WAN[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1981,5(2):133-146.
Authors:Zhang Fusui  He Yichao  Li Shuying  Liu Xiangsheng  Ma Jianghu  Chen Zhaohua and Zhang Siufung
Institution:Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica;Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica;Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica;Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica;Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica;The Second Marine Cultivation Station of Qingdao Shi;The Second Marine Cultivation Station of Qingdao Shi
Abstract:This paper describes some observations made mainly on the growth of raftculturedmussels (Mytilus edulis L.) in Jiaochou Wan, Shandong Province. The growth rate ofthe mussels varies with the season and with age. In the first year, they grew very ra-pidly in shell length during the period from August to October, the average increment was about 10 mm per month and the greatest increment was reached in October. AfterNovember their growth rate became gradually slower until it almost ceased or entirelyceased to grow in February the next year. At the end of the first year, the maximumlength reached about 40--45mm. Compared with the first year, the growth ratewas slower during the second year, with the increment averaging 5 .7--6. 0 mm permonth in the period from April to August, the greatest increase was jn July. As tothe reared spring spats, the growth rate reached its peak in August and Septemberduring the first year, 1--2 months earlier than that of the natural ones. The increase in shell weight of the natural spring spats transplanted from Yantaiand Dalien are shown in Figure 4. Generally speaking, it Increased markedly fromMay to October, with the maximum value of 2 grams per month in August, 1 monthlater than the peak increase in shell length. The increase in shell weight was faster inthe second year than in the first year and about 80% of the total shell weight was incr-eased during the second year. In the winter although the increment became slower, the flesh still continued toincrease and reached its peak again in late March the next year, and the mean indivi-dual dried flesh weight then was 1.2--1.3 grams. From April to May the flesh weightdecreased markedly due to the spring spawning, after which it began to increase againfrom June and reached its fall peak at the beginning of October, the dried flesh weight then averaging 2. 5--3. 0 grams. From mid-October to November it decreased once morebecause of the onset of the autumn reproduction, and gradually recovering again fromDecember onward. The reared autumn spats fertilized at the beginning of October, transplanted toand cultivated in the sea in mid-December, grew to 7-8 mm long in late May or earlyJune the next year, during which time they were suitable for attachment to cultureropes in flowing water, These spats grew to about 59mm in late March the third year,every 60 individuals weighing about 1 kilogram, They were harvested at this size. The spats attached on wharves grew rather slower and were less than 20mm inaverage length through a full year, attaining only 1/3 the length of those grown onthe cultivating raft.
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