七星列岛海域春秋季游泳动物群落特征

基于2014年秋季和2015年春季七星列岛海域的底拖网渔获物进行分析,研究七星列岛海域游泳动物的种类组成、优势种、多样性、生态位和群落结构特征,得出游泳动物共80种,隶属于3纲14目42科62属,其中鱼类52种,虾类13种,蟹类10种,头足类5种。秋季优势种有6种,春季有4种,共有种为三疣梭子蟹。两季物种多样性指数(H')、(D)、(J')均为中等水平。生态位数值较大的物种秋季有六指马鲅(10.51)、哈氏仿对虾(9.47)、海鳗(8.84)等,春季有火枪乌贼(8.93)、口虾蛄(8.51)、带鱼(7.94)等。聚类分析显示,两季物种站位均可分为3组,与NMDS分析结果一致。ABC曲线分析得出,W值秋季为0.052、春季为–0.059,均接近0。该海域游泳动物群落组成以鱼类为主,虾类次之,头足类最少,优势种变化明显;哈氏仿对虾、海鳗、口虾蛄等低价值游泳动物资源生态位数值高,占据主要竞争地位;由于组内站位间物种组成和海域环境有一定程度的相似性,两季物种站位间分组不受季节影响。ABC曲线分析显示该海域处于中度干扰状态。

Community characteristics of swimming animal in the waters of Qixing Islands in spring and autumn

In order to study swimming animal composition,dominant species,niche,diversity and community structure of the seasonal differences in Qixing Islands offshore area.According to taxonomy of ocean swimming animal and IRI formula,the results showed that there are 80 swimming animal species belonging to 3 families and 14 orders living in the investigated area,including fish 52,13 kinds of shrimp,10 crab species and 5 cephalopod species,by the bottom trawl catches in the autumn of 2014 and spring of 2015.In autumn,the capture catches had 61 species,while 52 species in spring.The average catches rate (quality)was 72.66kg/h in autumn;in spring,the number was 25.56kg/h;there were 6 dominant species in autumn,and in spring the dominant species were 4 kinds.The data analysis results showed that the two quarter in the island did not have obvious differences in the Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou species evenness index and species richness index of Margalrf,,by the software of Premier.The cluster analysis showed that community structure were obviously different in two quarters,at 50% similarity level,ANOSIM test showed this difference two. ABC curve analysis results showed that the nekton community was in moderately disturbed state.Therefore,what that Qixing islands provincial marine special protection area in Cangnan County were approved construction had important significance to biological community restoration of this offshore area.