栉孔扇贝中国种群与日本种群杂交一代的早期生长发育

对两个不同地理种群的栉孔扇贝的两个群体———中国种群(C)和日本种群(J)的纯种后代及其正反两个杂交组合(C♀×J♂和J♀×C♂)的杂种个体,早期(10月龄)同地同期生长发育进行了测定和统计分析比较。结果表明,两个种群正、反交杂种一代在壳高、壳长、壳宽、活体重及成活率5个生长发育指标上均表现不同程度的杂种优势,反交杂种F1′除成活率外,其余各项生长发育指标显著优于正交杂种;中国和日本两个亲本群体各个性状的测定性能表现为壳宽差异显著和成活率差异极显著外,其它各项指标均没有显著差异。实验证明杂交是提高扇贝生产性能和抗逆性的重要途径。

The juvenile growth and survival of hybrid between Chinese population and Japanese population of Chlamys farreri

Crosses between and within two different geographic stocks from Japan and China of Farrer.. s scallop, Chlamys f arreri , were produced, hybrids of reciprocal crosses derived from Chinese population ( C) .. .. Japanese population ( J) .. and Japanese population ( J) .. .. Chinese population ( C ) .. respect ively. Of fspring were measured at 10 months old each group for the research on the growth characteristics and survival. The results indicated that there existed signif icant heterosis ( or hybrid vigor) for growth of shell height, shell length, shell w idth and live weight and survival and young scallops f rom the reciprocal cross had a higher survival and growth than two pure populations, and that there were stronger heterosis in F1.. hybrids than in F1 hybrids. There was a signif icant difference in shell width and survival, but no signif icant difference in other characters between Chinese population and Japanese population. The results of experiment testif ied that hybridization is an important tool to increase the performance and fastness ( survival) of scallops.