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饲料中添加精氨酸对仿刺参幼参生长、免疫能力及消化酶活力的影响
引用本文:王际英,李宝山,张德瑞,姜柯君,孙永智,王世信,张利民.饲料中添加精氨酸对仿刺参幼参生长、免疫能力及消化酶活力的影响[J].水产学报,2015,39(3):410-419.
作者姓名:王际英  李宝山  张德瑞  姜柯君  孙永智  王世信  张利民
作者单位:山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006,山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006,山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006,山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006,山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006,山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006,山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 山东 烟台 264006
基金项目:国家海洋生物产业水生动物营养与饲料研发创新示范平台(201403001);山东省现代农业产业技术体系仿刺参产业创新团队建设项目(SDAIT-08-011-08)
摘    要:为研究精氨酸对仿刺参幼参生长、免疫能力及消化酶活力的影响,在基础饲料中添加0、1.00%、2.00%、3.00%和4.00%的包膜精氨酸(精氨酸含量为40%),配制精氨酸含量为0.32%、0.73%、1.16%、1.61%和1.99%的5种实验饲料(命名为D1,D2,D3,D4和D5),饲喂初始体质量9.10 g的仿刺参幼参60 d。结果表明,精氨酸显著提高了仿刺参的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率,且在D4组达到最高;D3、D4和D5组仿刺参的脏壁比、肠壁比及肠长比显著低于D1和D2组,但3组之间差异不显著;精氨酸显著提高了体壁粗蛋白的沉积,但对水分及粗脂肪含量影响不显著;精氨酸显著提高了体壁谷氨酸、精氨酸、亮氨酸、组氨酸、羟脯氨酸、必需氨基酸及总氨基酸的含量,降低了赖氨酸含量;体腔液中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)及谷草转氨酶(AST)活力随着精氨酸含量的增加而显著提高;肠道蛋白酶活力与饲料精氨酸含量呈二次负相关关系(Y酶活=-3.228X2精氨酸+2.865X精氨酸+26.24,R2=0.934),D3、D4和D5组纤维素酶活力显著高于D1和D2组,淀粉酶及脂肪酶活力不受精氨酸含量的影响。以增重率为评价指标,一元二次回归分析表明,体质量9.10 g的仿刺参饲料中精氨酸适宜含量为1.55%(7.10%饲料粗蛋白)。

关 键 词:仿刺参  精氨酸  生长  免疫能力  消化酶
收稿时间:2014/11/7 0:00:00
修稿时间:2014/12/11 0:00:00

Effects of dietary arginine on growth performance,immune responses and digestive enzyme of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka
WANG Jiying,LI Baoshan,ZHANG Derui,JIANG Kejun,SUN Yongzhi,WANG Shixin and ZHANG Limin.Effects of dietary arginine on growth performance,immune responses and digestive enzyme of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2015,39(3):410-419.
Authors:WANG Jiying  LI Baoshan  ZHANG Derui  JIANG Kejun  SUN Yongzhi  WANG Shixin and ZHANG Limin
Institution:Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China,Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China,Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China,Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China,Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China,Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China and Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China
Abstract:A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary arginine on growth performance, immune responses and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka with initial body weight 9.10 g.Five experimental diets were formulated with the graded arginine levels(0, 1.00%, 2.00%, 3.00% and 4.00% dry diet, respectively).The five trial diets were determined to contain arginine of 0.32%, 0.73%, 1.16%, 1.61%, and 1.99% dry diet, respectively.Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 30 sea cucumbers and fed once a day(16:00)for 60 days.The results showed that the weight gain rate(WGR), specific growth rate(SGR)and protein efficiency ratio(PER)were all increased by dietary arginine, and reaced maximum at D4 group;Ratio of visceral weight to body wall weight(VBR), ratio of intestine weight to body wall weight(IBR)and ratio of intestine length to body length(IBL)of D3, D4 and D5 groups were significantly lower than those of D1 and D2 groups, but there were no differences among them;Crude protein deposition of body wall was increased by dietary arginine, but there were no effects on moisture and crude lipid contents;Dietary arginine increased Glu, Arg, Leu, His, Hyp, essential amino acids(EAA)and total amino acids(TAA)contents of body wall, but decreased lysine content;Total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD), total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC), nitric oxide(NO), nitric oxide synthase(NOS), alkaline phosphataes(AKP), alanine aminotranferase(ALT)and asparate aminotransferase(AST)in coelomic fluid all increased with the increasing of dietary arginine levels(P < 0.05);There was a negative correlation between protease and dietary arginine levels(Yenzyme activity=-3.228X2Arg+2.865XArg+26.24, R2=0.934);Activities of cellulose of D3, D4 and D5 groups were significantly higher than those of D1 and D2 groups;meanwhile, activities of amylase and lipase were not affected by dietary arginine.With WGR as evaluation indicator, quadratic regression analysis showed that the optimum dietary arginine of sea cucumber with body weight 9.10 g was 1.55% of diet or 7.10% dietary crude protein.
Keywords:Apostichopus japonicus  arginine  growth performance  immune responses  digestive enzyme
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