黄渤海春季甲壳类群落结构的空间变化

为了解黄渤海甲壳类动物资源状况, 于2010年5月采用底拖网调查, 对黄渤海甲壳类动物的群落结构进行了研究。结果显示，黄渤海共捕获甲壳类32种, 其中虾类18种, 蟹类13种, 口足类1种; 不同海区优势种类组成差异较大, 脊腹褐虾在各海区均为优势种, 是黄渤海生态系统中最重要的甲壳类物种之一; 对黄渤海各海区甲壳类平均相对资源密度组成进行研究, 各海区甲壳类生物量均以蟹类密度最高, 黄渤海蟹类平均相对资源量为2.97 kg/h, 丰度均以虾类密度最高, 黄渤海虾类平均资源密度为1 825 ind/h; 对黄渤海甲壳类生物量的空间分布进行研究, 各海区生物量排序为黄海北部>黄海南部>黄海中部>渤海; 对黄渤海各海区甲壳类的生物多样性进行研究, 无论根据生物量还是丰度, 黄海南部的多样性指数最高, 黄海中部的多样性指数最低; 对各海区甲壳类群落结构相似性进行研究, 毗邻海区甲壳类群落结构的相似性指数相对较高。

Spatial variation of crustacean community structure in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in Spring

Based on the data collected from bottom trawl surveys in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in May 2010, the community structure of crustaceans in different regions of Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea was analyzed. We collected a total of 32 crustacean species, including 18 species of shrimp,13 species of crab, and 1 species of squill. The dominant species changed among different regions. The Crangon affinis which was the most important crustacean species in ecosystem was dominant species in all regions of Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. We studied the composition of average relative density of crustaceans,and found that the biomass of crab was highest in all regions, the average relative biomass of crab was 2.97 kg/h, the individual number of shrimp was the highest in all regions, and the average value was 1 825 ind/h. We also studied the spatial distribution of crustaceans,and found that the sequence by biomass was Northern Yellow Sea >southern Yellow Sea >middle Yellow Sea >Bohai Sea. The diversity of crustaceans in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea was analyzed, and the results suggested that the diversity indexes were the highest in southern Yellow Sea, the lowest in middle Yellow Sea, whether by biomass or by abundance. The community similarity was also analyzed, and the results suggested that the community similarity index was relatively higher among adjacent waters.