悬浮物和冲击波造成的渔业资源损失量估算

以液化天然气（LNG）海洋工程环境影响评价为例，根据2004年5、8、11月和2005年5月在评价水域进行的渔业资源调查和LNG项目工程分析，评估工程施工期间悬浮物和冲击波对渔业资源的损失量。以往，采用直接鱼类重量损失进行评估，鱼卵、仔鱼和幼鱼潜在的生长价值无法体现，损失量被严重低估。本研究采用渔业资源尾数密度（包括鱼卵、仔鱼生长形成的部分）、受影响的面积和渔获物商品体重的乘积进行计算，可以避免上述缺陷。评价结果表明，LNG工程悬浮物对游泳能力较差的虾、蟹类影响远大于鱼类。以冲击波对鱼类影响为例，传统方法评价结果中的鱼类损失仅为43.39 t，明显低于本研究评价结果的201.9 t。

Quantitative analysis on fishery resource loss owing to the influence of suspended substance and shock wave

Taking example for the environmental impact assessment of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) marine engineering, according to data from fishery investigation in the waters in May, August, November, 2004 and May 2005, consulting the report of LNG engineering analysis, the fishery resource loss (FRS) was calculated owing to the influence of suspended substance (SS) and shock wave (SW) produced from the engineering construction. In previous reports FRS was estimated only by the biomass loss in weight, not involved in the potenti al productivity of egg, larvae and young fish so that FRS was greatly underestimated. To avoid the question, this research adopted the product of individual density (including eggs, larvae and young fishes), impacting area and commercial size in fish weight to assess FRS. The results showed that FRS caused by SS and SW were 28.38 t /201.9 t for fishes, 50.23 t /47.8 t for shrimps and 50.14 t / 56.6 t for crabs and others, respectively, in which SS influenced shrimps and crabs more than fishes because the former possessed low swim ability and contrarily to SW impact. FRS was 43.39 t according to the traditional assessment, which was obviously lower than 201.9 t resulted from this research.