鲤鲫移核鱼与散鳞镜鲤杂交优势及遗传性状的研究

本研究将鲤鲫移核鱼进行有性杂交,使其遗传性状得到改良,效果显著。试验材料为鲤鲫移核鱼 F_2?(以下简称移核鱼)和散鳞镜鲤?(以下简称镜鲤),经杂交获 F_1(以下简称颖鲤)。当年颖鲤个体增重平均比双亲快 47％,群体增重平均快 109％;二冬龄个体增重平均快60.1％,群体增重平均快75.11％。颖鲤含肉率为74.58％,移核鱼和镜鲤为61.7％与72.21％。颖鲤和父母本肌肉蛋白质含量分别为18.35％,17.37％和16.95％。模糊数学聚类分析表明,颖鲤及其反交在体高、体厚、头长等性状均偏向移核鱼,尤其偏向其雌性个体。

ON SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HYBRID OF SCATTERED MIRROR CARP CROSSED WITH CYCA HYBRID

The study is emphasized on the characteristics of the hybrid (de-nominated Ying hybrid) of female mirror carp crossed with CyCa F2 hybrid. Theyearling Ying hybrid exhibited an average 47-109% better growth in weight thanthe parental individuals, and two-winters old individuals increase 60.1% and75.11% respetively. In polyculture of 525-1200 Ying hybrid fish of 1(1:2) inches inlength in a fingerling pond per ha, they can reach the weight of 618-1300g, withthe biggest being 2.4kg. The Ying hybrid not only grows faster but also is easierto maintain and produce than tri-cross hybrid carp. It is suitable to be popularizedamong fish-culture industries. The Ying hybrid contains 74.58% of flesh, butCyCa F_2 hybrid and mirror carp only contain 61.7% and 74.2% respectively. Themusculian protein contents of the Ying hybrid, CyCa F_2 Hybrid and Mirrorcarp are 18.35%, 17.37%and 16.95% respectively. By means of cluster analysis of fuzzy mathematics, it comes to a conclusionthat the Ying hybrid and its reversely crossed one are more alike to CyCa F_2hybrid, especially to the female in characters such as body depth and width andhead length. The experiment has shown that the approach to combine biotechno-logy with the traditional selective breading techniques is feasible and can achieverather satisfactory economic benefits.