北部湾钦州港近江牡蛎重金属污染分析

为近江牡蛎的食用安全及养殖环境监督管理提供科学依据,2015年7—11月在北部湾钦州港采集近江牡蛎样品,利用原子荧光光度计和原子吸收光谱仪测定近江牡蛎体内重金属含量,分析其污染程度。结果显示,调查海域牡蛎体内重金属平均含量从高到低依次为ZnCuCdCrAsPbHg,其中Zn、Cu含量较高,平均值分别为532.03、126.96 mg/kg。Cu参照《无公害食品水产品有毒有害物质限量》(NY 5073-2006),发现除了7月2号站样品未超标,其余样品均超标,超标率达89%。As参照《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》(GB 2762-2012),发现总超标率为11%,仅7月3号站样品存在超标。Pb、Hg含量较低,其平均值分别为0.02、0.009 mg/kg。重金属富集系数揭示近江牡蛎对Zn、Cu、Cd、Cr富集严重。膳食暴露评估方法显示,重金属的膳食摄入量低于联合国粮食和农业组织的食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)推荐的暂定每周摄入量,钦州湾近江牡蛎属于安全食用范围。

Evaluation of heavy metals in oyster (Crassostrea rivularis) from Qinzhou Harbor, Beibu Gulf

To control seafood quality and regulate oyster aquaculture in Qinzhou Harbor, Beibu Gulf, the oysters (Crassostrea rivularis) were collected from three stations in the region in 2015, and analyzed by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer and atomic absorption spectrometer. Overall, the content of heavy metals in Crassostrea rivularis exhibited Zn>Cu>Cd>Cr>As>Pb>Hg, and contents of Zn and Cu had the average of 532.03 and 126.96 mg/kg, respectively. Referring to aquatic products standard of NY 5073-2006, we found, with the exception of Crassostrea rivularis collected at the 2nd station of July, the level of Cu from 89% samples exceeded the limit. While referring to aquatic products standard of GB 2762-2012, only the level of samples from the 3rd station of July went beyond the limit. Contents of Pb and Hg were low, with an average of 0.02 and 0.009 mg/kg, respectively. The dietary intakes of heavy metals in Qinzhou Harbor''s Crassostrea rivularis were lower than the recommended values of Joint FAO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), thus the oysters in this region are safe for edibility.