管理学组织理论发展研究——基于科层制、异层级制在农业企业组织结构中的应用

本文以企业为层面，在阐述工业背景下组织理论对组织结构类型、组织结构演进路径及动因、演进机理的研究及论述的基础上，从组织科层结构视角，回顾了科层制和异层级制理论的产生与研究现状，分析了组织结构由科层制向异层级制演变的本质。最后，从产业层面尝试归纳了农业企业组织结构的研究现状。但当前对于农业企业的研究一直飘忽于产业层面，徘徊在管理学的组织理论之外。本文意欲抛砖引玉，目的在于展示农业企业组织结构的选择问题恰恰是一个典型的管理学组织理论问题，异层级制理论能够有效地诠释不同环境约束下农业企业组织选择现象。打开农业企业“黑箱”，不仅可以拓展组织理论研究领域，可能也是解决我国目前农产品质量安全问题的有效途径。

A Research on the Organization Theory Development based on Hierarchy and Application of Heterarchy in the Organization Structure of Agricultural Enterprises

The paper explores the types of organization structure, as well as evolution path and evolvement mechanism in organization theory under the background of industry. On this basis, it also looks back on the generation and current situation of hierarchy and heterachy from the angle of bureaucratic structure. Then the paper analyzes what is the essence that hierarchy evolves into heterarchy. To the end of this paper, it tries to sum up research status of organization structure of agricultural enterprises from industrial level. Regrettably, current study on agricultural enterprises stays on industrial level and lingers outsides organization theory all the time. The aim of the paper is to reveal that the choice problem of organization structure of agricultural enterprises is really a typical problem about organization theory. Heterarchy theories can interpret the choice of agricultural enterprises under different restrictions of environment. What is more, opening the black box of agricultural enterprises not only can expand the field of organization theory, but also is an efficient way to China. solve nowadays agricultural products quality safety in