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Modelling and simulation of rotary feed spreaders with application to sea cage aquaculture – A study of common and alternative designs
Institution:1. NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Information Technology, Mathematics and Electrical Engineering, Department of Engineering Cybernetics, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway;2. SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Trondheim NO-7465, Norway;1. Fachbereich Technik, Fachhochschule Westküste, 25746 Heide, Germany;2. Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur, Hafentörn 3, 25761 Büsum, Germany;3. Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany;4. Thünen Institut für Fischereiökologie, Wulfsdorfer Weg 204, 22926 Ahrensburg, Germany;1. Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia;2. Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Federal University, Dutsin-Ma PMB 5001, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria;3. Aquaculture/Fisheries Center, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, 1200 North University Drive, Pine Bluff, AR, 71601, USA;4. Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia;1. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Aquicultura, Laboratório de Camarões Marinhos, Servidão dos Coroas, 503, Barra da Lagoa, CEP: 88061-600 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil;2. Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus de Araquari, Rodovia BR 280, km 27, CEP 89245-000 Araquari, SC, Brazil;1. AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil;2. Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil;3. Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil;1. Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway;2. Akva Design AS, Havnegata 46, 8900 Brønnøysund, Norway;3. IRIS – International Research Institute of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8046, 4068 Stavanger, Norway;1. Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany;2. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Division Biosystems Engineering, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany;3. Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany;4. Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
Abstract:Rotary feed spreaders are extensively used in large scale fish aquaculture and are tasked with distributing pelletized feed in a spatially uniform manner over the water surface. Questions have been raised with respect to the performance of classical spreader designs regarding the size and uniformity of the covered area as well as their inability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. This study presents a robotic model of rotary spreaders with experimental validations. Classic rotary spreaders are simulated as well as two alternative designs in the form of a spreader releasing pellets at an optimal initial ballistic angle and a motorized version to increase throw length and provide a more spatially homogeneous surface feed distribution. The alternative designs both yielded improved surface coverage without the need of higher conveying airspeed which may lead to increased pellet attrition. In addition, the motorized design may be used to position pellets at a given location within the sea cage, such as into the wind and current so that pellets can reside inside the sea cage for a prolonged period of time. The presented model may be of interest to researchers and equipment manufacturers who desire to explore performance of a given spreader design.
Keywords:Atlantic salmon  Feed distribution  Modelling  Rotary spreader  Sea cage aquaculture
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