Use of an internal fibrous biofilter for intermittent nitrification and denitrification treatments in a zero-discharge shrimp culture tank |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;2. Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan;4. Research Network of NANOTEC–CU on Environment, Department of Environmental Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;5. Research Program: Sustainable Management of Industrial and Agricultural Wastes for Transitioning to a Circular Economy, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Bangkok 10330, Thailand;6. Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;7. National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;1. Department of Biotechnology Engineering, ORT Braude College of Engineering, Karmiel 2161002, Israel;2. Algae-Smart Ltd., Algae-Fish Lab, Meir Shfeya, 3080600, Israel;1. Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, the Netherlands;2. Farm Technology Group, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands;1. The Conservation Fund Freshwater Institute, 1098 Turner Road, Shepherdstown, WV 25443, USA;2. ExxonMobil, 4999 Scenic Hwy, Baton Rouge, LA 70805, USA;3. University of Maryland Baltimore County and Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, 701 East Pratt, St. Baltimore, MD 21202, USA |
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| Abstract: | To achieve water reuse in recirculating aquaculture systems, intermittent nitrification and denitrification processes using internal fibrous media was proposed. A pre-acclimated Biocord biofilter, with an initial nitrification rate of 17.1 ± 12.4 mg total ammonia nitrogen-N/m2/d was applied in a marine whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture tank. Throughout the experiment, the aerobic nitrification activity of the biofilter was sufficient to control the ammonia and nitrite levels below 0.2 mg-N/L with an accumulation of nitrate up to 50 mg-N/L. The remaining nitrate was successfully removed after shrimp harvest with the same biofilter through anoxic denitrification in conjunction with a methanol supplement at a chemical oxygen demand: nitrate-N ratio of 5:1. With complete nitrogen removal, the water was re-aerated and the next crop of shrimp culture was initiated. In this study, a two-crop shrimp cultivation was performed in sequence in the same tank without water exchange. The microbial diversity was monitored using high-throughput sequencing on Illumina MiSeq, which demonstrated that Proteobacteria (45.3 %), Chloroflexi (18.4 %), and Bacteroidetes (17.1 %) were the most abundant phyla. With an emphasis on nitrogen removal, the family Nitrosomonadaceae and Nitrospiraceae were the dominant nitrifying bacteria during the aerobic nitrification, while a high relative abundance of the Methylophaga and Methylotenera genera was observed under the anoxic condition. |
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| Keywords: | Nitrification Denitrification Fibrous biofilter Microbial dynamics Illumina MiSeq sequencing Recirculating aquaculture system |
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