|
|||||
|
|
Breaking the ice: the introduction of biofouling organisms to Antarctica on vessel hulls |
||
| Authors: | Kevin A Hughes Gail V Ashton | |
| Institution: | 1. British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK;2. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Romberg Tiburon Center, Tiburon, CA, USA | |
| Abstract: | ||
| Keywords: | marine bioinvasion alien species shipping invertebrates introduction climate change dispersal polar regions sea ice | |