端粒、端粒酶与肿瘤

端粒,端粒酶与肿瘤的关系是当今生物学,医学研究的热点之一。端粒是一种封闭了真核染色体末端的脱氧核糖核酸。它与端粒结合蛋白结合在一起,对染色体起到了保护的作用,另外,端粒的长度和细胞增殖有很大关系。端粒酶是一种特异的染色体末端转移酶,它的存在解决了染色体末端复制引缩问题,而且认为端粒酶的过度表达和细胞的永生化和癌变直接相关。端粒酶的结构和功能决定了它在肿瘤与癌症治疗等方面具有广泛的应用前景。文章综述了端粒、端粒酶的结构、功能,以及端粒与端粒酶活性在细胞癌变中的重要作用。

Telomere,Telomerase and Tumors

Now,the relationship between Telomere, Telomerase and the tumors is one of hot spots in the biomedical studies. Telomere is a kind of deoxyribonucleic acid that closes the end of eukaryotic chromosome. It is combined with protein and protect the chromosome,in addition,its length has great relationship with cell proliferation. Telomerase is a kind of special DNA transferase in the end of linear DNA, It solves the problem of duplicated chromosome shortness and we think the overexprossion of telomerase has close relationship with cell's immortalization and tumorigenesis.The structure and function of telomerase suggest its extensive application in the near future.Review summarizes the structures and functions of telomere and telomerase,and their important functions in tumors.