原鸡不同组合F_1代肉质性状及营养成分研究

以原鸡滇南亚种(♂)与原鸡(♀)、临沧茶花鸡(♀)、绿耳乌骨鸡(♀)、楚雄麻鸡(♀)不同组合F1代为研究素材,分析比较了其常规肉质性状和基本营养成分。结果表明:原鸡杂交F1代胸、腿肌pH值显著低于原鸡纯种F1代(P<0.05),宰后24h均呈下降趋势,纯种F1代下降最为明显;胸、腿肌系水力、滴水损失率、蒸煮损失率、肌纤维直径(密度)等指标在各组间差异显著(P<0.05)。就营养成分而言,胸、腿肌水分含量及胸肌粗蛋白含量在各组间差异均不显著(P>0.05),腿肌粗蛋白含量在各组间差异显著(P<0.05);胸肌及腿肌的粗脂肪、粗灰分含量也均有显著差异(P<0.05)。总体而言,原鸡(♂)与临沧茶花鸡(♀)肉质特性杂种优势较大,与楚雄麻鸡(♀)杂种优势较小。通过了解原鸡与家鸡杂交后代肉质特性,将对野生原鸡的保种、开发利用和家鸡的杂交改良、选育实践具有实际意义。

Analysis on the Meat Quality and Basic Muscle Nutrient Content of the Hybrid F1 Generation from Red Jungle Fowl(Gallus gallus)and Gallus domesticus

The meat quality and basic muscle nutrient content of the F1 generation from Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus) (♂) and Red Jungle Fowl (♀)、and Chahua chicken (♀)、and green ear silkies、and Chuxiong Ma chicken were studies.The results showed that the pH values of breast muscle and leg muscle of the F1 generation from Gallus gallus)(♂) and Gallus gallus(♀) were significantly lower than three cross combinations of Gallus gallus (♂) (P<0.05),and decresed more quickly after were slaughtered for 24 h. The water-holding capacity、drip loss、cook loss、diameter of myofiber of breast muscle and leg muscle were significant difference for different groups (P<0.05).Water content of breast muscle and leg muscle、crude protein contents of breast muscle of different groups were not significant difference (P>0.05).while the difference of crude protein contents of leg muscle of different groups were significant (P<0.05).Content of crude fat of chest muscle and leg muscle、and the ash content were significant difference for different groups(P<0.05).It also showed that meat quality and basic muscle nutrient content of the F1 generation from Gallus gallus(♂) and Chahua chicken (♀) was the best among three cross combinations of Gallus gallus (♂),that of the combinations of Gallus gallus (♂) and Chuxiong Ma chicken was the worst.