不同运动模式下鲢幼鱼游泳特性研究

为探索鱼类在自发性运动和强迫式运动模式下的游泳特性,以鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)幼鱼为研究对象,采用船闸式水槽鱼类呼吸装置和环形水槽实验装置,Loli Track软件对游泳行为进行视频分析,解析不同运动模式下鲢幼鱼游泳特性变化情况。结果表明,在自发性运动模式下,鲢幼鱼的耗氧率随游泳速度、加速度、旋转角度和摆尾频率增加而增大。通过逐步回归拟合出多因素能量模型,得出游泳速度对耗氧率变化的影响最大。在两种运动模式中,唯一相同的相对游泳速度为0.5 BL·s~(-1)BL为体长(cm)]下,能量消耗利用率为2.35。研究还发现在不同运动模式下鲢幼鱼的最优游泳速度大小差异性显著,但呼吸耗氧率差异性不显著。表明鲢幼鱼运动过程中相比于最优游泳速度,存在表征能量利用率最高且与游泳模式无关的最优耗氧率。

Study on the swimming characteristics for juvenile of silver carp under different activity patterns

The swimming characteristics for juvenile of Hypophthalmichthysys molitrix in spontaneous pattern and forced pattern were studied in this research.The fish tank breathing apparatus and mobile Brett-type swim tunnels were used to culture the juvenile, meanwhile, the changes of swimming behavior is for juvenile cultured in different patterns were ob-served and analyzed by LoliTrack software.The results showed that the rate of oxygen consumption in juvenile of silver carp increased with increment of swimming speed, acceleration, rotation angle and the tail beat frequency under spontaneous exercise.The multi-factor energy model was fitted by stepwise regression, draw the conclusion that swimming speed has the greatest influence on the change of oxygen consumption rate(MO2).During spontaneous activity, 2.35 times more en-ergy was used than in forced swimming at a speed of 0.5 BL·s-1BL is body length(cm)].This indicated that sponta-neous swimming costs might be considerably higher compared with those of a fixed swimming speed.However, comparing MO2at the respective optimum swimming speeds with the lowest costs of transport resulted in similar values independent of swimming mode.This suggested that an optimum MO2in different swimming pattern might exist rather than an optimal swim-ming speed.