三角帆蚌三个优异群体杂交后代生长性能比较研究

于2003年5月21日至2004年12月23日,在浙江诸暨的养殖池塘比较研究了三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cum-ingii)的洞庭湖群体(DD)、鄱阳湖群体(PP)和太湖群体(TT)自交F1与其6个杂交F1(DP,PD,DT,TD,TP和PT)的生长性能。结果显示:19月龄的9个群体三角帆蚌壳长已趋于相对恒定,但早期各群体间壳长差异明显。壳宽性状从6月龄至19月龄,PP、PD和TD三者均无明显差异,但均优于其余6群体(P<0.01)。特别发现PD从4月龄至19月龄均呈现明显的生长优势。从整个试验阶段来看,PD的体重也具有生长优势;经572 d生长发育,生长最快的依次为PD((0.42±0.07)g/d)、TD((0.37±0.04)g/d)和PP((0.37±0.08)g/d),生长最慢的是TT((0.30±0.08)g/d)、DP((0.32±0.06)g/d)和PT((0.32±0.07)g/d)。各性状的杂种优势率在-1.95%～17.08%之间。对于壳宽性状,PD、TD和PT均产生了杂种优势,且以PD最大,达到7.99%。在体重性状上,PD的杂种优势最大,达到了17.08%,其次为TD(14.10%),因此,PD与TD的养殖性能最好。

Comparative Study on Growth Performance of Hybrids F1 of Three Stocks of Hyriopsis cumingii

The growth performance was studied comparatively in three self-bred stocks of Hyriopsis cumingii from Dongtinghu Lake(DD),Poyanghu Lake(PP)and Taihu Lake(TT)and their 6 reciprocal hybrids F1 stocks(DP,PD,DT,TD,TP and PT)in pearly mussel culture pond located in Zhuji of Zhejiang Province from May 21st of 2003 to December 23 rd of 2004.The results indicated that shell length had significant difference only in early stage,and after 19 months,shell length size kept a little increase.For shell width,there was no significant difference among PD,TD and PP,but these three stocks were significantly different from other 6 stocks from 6-month old to 19-month old(P<0.01),and especially,PD stock showed obvious growth advantage from 4-month old to 19-month old.The body weight had a great superiority in PD stock for whole trial stage,and the 3 fastest growth stocks were PD((0.42±0.07)g/d),TD((0.37±0.04)g/d)and PP((0.37±0.08)g/d),and the 3 slowest stocks were TT((0.30±0.08)g/d),DP((0.32±0.06)g/d)and PT((0.32±0.07)g/d).The heterosis of shell length,shell width and body weight ranged from-1.95% to 17.08%,but the heterosis of PD in shell width and body weight was the highest,7.99% and 17.08% respectively.The Body weight heterosis of TD stock was a little lower than that of PD stock.Generally,PD and TD had good culture performance.