壳聚糖对克氏原螯虾存活、血清生化指标和非特异性免疫功能的影响

以基础饲料为对照,在基础饲料中分别添加0.0%(对照)、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、3.0%的壳聚糖,分别投喂平均体重为(21.55±1.62)g的克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)60 d,研究壳聚糖对克氏原螯虾存活、蜕壳、血液生化指标及非特异性免疫功能的影响。结果显示:0.5%添加组存活率为84.44%,与对照组和1.0%添加组无显著性差异;总蜕壳率和相对增重率随壳聚糖含量升高而呈现先升高后降低的趋势,当添加量为1.0%时,总蜕壳率和相对增重率显著高于对照组;各试验组肝胰指数差异不显著。2.0%添加组血清中总蛋白、白蛋白和总胆固醇显著高于对照组,添加组甘油三酯的含量显著高于对照组。1.5%添加组血清和肝胰腺中的溶菌酶(LZM)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性显著高于对照组;与对照组相比,0.5%添加组血清中的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性显著升高;0.5%添加组肝胰腺中CAT活性最高,为4.93 U/mL,显著高于对照组。结果说明,壳聚糖可以提高克氏原螯虾的生长性能和非特异性免疫功能,饲料中添加0.5%～1.5%较为适宜。

The effects of dietary chitosan supplementation on the survival, serum biochemical indicators and non-specific immunity of Procambarus clarkii

The present stuty was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on survival,blood biochemical indices and non-specific immunity of Procambarus clarkii.Six diets were formulated by adding 0.0%(control group),0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%,3.0% chitosan in basal diet.P.clarkii with initial body weight of(21.55±1.62) g were fed the six diets for 60 days.Results indicated that:the survival rate of 0.5% chitosan addition group was about 84.44%,there was no significant difference between control group and 1.0% addition group.Total molting rate and relative growth rate increased with the content of chitosan at first,then decreased,total molting rate and relative growth rate in were Significant higher than control group.There was no significant difference of hepatopancreas index in each treatment group.Serum total protein,albumin and total cholesterol of 2.0% chitosan addition group were significantly higher than control group.Serum triglyceride of the five chitosan addition groups were significantly higher than that of control group.Lysozyme(LZM)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity in blood serum and hepatopancreas of 1.5% chitosan addition group were significantly higher than control group.Compared to the control group,serum acid phosphatase(ACP) and catalase(CAT)of 0.5% chitosan addition group increased significantly.Hepatopancreas CAT activity of 0.5% addition group was the highest,(4.93 U) and significantly higher than control group.In conclusion,adding chitosan in diet could improve P.clarkii growth performance and non-specific immune function.The addition of chitosan was suggested to be 0.5%~1.5%.