微量元素对水华发生、发展的影响

微量元素作为藻类营养因子的一部分,对藻类生长具有重要作用,而藻类(特别是微囊藻)的大量增长则会造成"水华"现象。本文综述了各种微量元素对水华藻类生长的影响及其影响机理,进而得出结论:微量元素对水华藻类的生长影响趋势为低浓度促进生长,高浓度抑制生长,而藻类对微量元素有一定的富集作用;在微量元素中,铁元素对水华的发生、发展至为重要,在某种情况下有可能成为水华发生、发展的限制因子;其他元素(如稀土元素和重金属元素等)在水华发生、发展中则起辅助作用。

Effects of Trace Elements on the Occurrence and Development of Water-blooms

As a part of the most important nutritional factors,trace elements are essential for the growth of algae(especially Microcystis),whose explosive growth causes a "water-bloom" phenomenon.The present article summarizes the effects of various trace elements(e.g.,iron,zinc,copper)on the growth of algal bloom species and their possible mechanisms.It has been concluded a general tendency toward the above effects,i.e.,the growth of algal bloom species will be promoted by a low or be inhibited by a high concentration of trace elements.The algae can bioaccumulate certain trace elements in the bodies.Furthermore,iron plays a critical role in the occurrence and development of water-blooms,and could even be a restriction factor.Other elements(e.g.,rare earth elements and heavy metals)seem to play assistant roles for the water-bloom occurrence and development.