秦岭黑河流域鱼类资源现状调查

为了解秦岭黑河流域鱼类资源现状,分别于2014年4、8、11月调查了黑河库区和上游水源地流域鱼类组成及其多样性。结果显示:调查共发现鱼类3目5科14属15种。其中鲤形目2科11属12种,占总种数80%;鲇形目2科2属2种,占总种数13.3%;鲑形目1科1属1种,占总种数6.7%。流域内优势种鱼类有拉氏(Phoxinus lagowskii)和秦岭细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok),稀有种有中华鳑鲏(Roodeus sinensis)、高体鳑鲏(Roodeus ocellatus)和黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)。黑河库区(海拔549 m)鱼类物种多样性高,群落结构稳定,而上游流域(海拔649~1 323 m)鱼类物种多样性急剧降低,群落结构脆弱。

Investigation on status of fish resources in Qinling Heihe River basin

In order to understand the status of fish resources in Qinling Heihe River basin, we investigated the fish compo-sition and diversity of Qinling Heihe River Basin three times in April, August and November of 2014, respectively.15 species of fish were identified, which belonged to 3 order, 5 families and 14 genus.Among them, cypriniformes was the largest order, included 2 families, 11 genus and 12 species, The next was siluriformes, which was composed of 2 fami-lies, 2 genus and 2 species, 1 species of salmoniformes was found too, The fish species of the three orders accounted for 80%, 13.3%and 6.7%of the total, respectively.The number of species reduced significantly compared with the previ-ous data.There were 2 kinds of dominant species, namely, Phoxinus lagowskii and Brachymystax lenok, 3 rare species included Roodeus sinensis, Roodeus ocellatus and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.High fish diversity and stable fish community structure were found in the downstream of Heihe basin, Heihe reservoir ( altitude 549 m) .In the upper reaches ( altitude 649~1323 m) , however, the fish species diversity reduced drastically and the fish community structure was vulnerable.