猪油对罗非鱼生长及餐后脂质代谢的影响

在实用饲料配方的基础上分别添加0%、5%、10%猪油组成试验饲料饲喂罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)(初重43 g)8周,比较研究猪油不同添加水平对罗非鱼生长及餐后脂质代谢的影响。结果表明,罗非鱼的末重(FBW)、特定生长率(SGR)、增重率(WGR)和饲料效率(FE)随着饲料中猪油水平的增加而显著升高。而摄食量(FI)表现出相反的变化趋势,即高水平猪油组显著低于对照组。随猪油添加水平增加,罗非鱼肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活力显著降低,而肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加。血清中甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)含量均随饲料中猪油水平增加而显著升高。各试验组罗非鱼血清中CHO、TG、LDL-C和VLDL-C含量随时间推移均表现出先升高后降低的变化趋势,TG和VLDL-C的峰值出现在餐后6h,而CHO和LDL-C峰值在餐后9 h。但HDL-C表现出相反的变化趋势,即先降低后升高,在餐后6 h达到最低值。总之,饲料中添加不同水平猪油会促进罗非鱼生长,但会影响罗非鱼的肝功能以及餐后脂质代谢,罗非鱼抗氧化能力也相应受到影响。

Effects of different levels of lard on growth and postprandial lipid metabolism in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different added content of lard on growth postprandial lipid metabolism of tilapia.Three experiment diets were formulated to contain 0 ( control ) , 5% land 10%lard, respectively.Related indicators were determined at 3 h, 6 h, 9 h, 12 h, 15 h, and 24 h after the last meal.The results showed as follows: the final body weight, specific growth rate ( SGR) , weight gain ratio ( WGR) and feed effi-ciency ( FE) in the lard supplementation groups were significantly higher than that in the control group.The highest feed in-take was recorded in the group fed the control diet.The fish in the 10%lard group had the lowest values of alanine transam-inase ( ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) and superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activities in the liver, and the highest value of malondialdehyde ( MDA) in liver.The serum total cholesterol ( TCHO) , triglyceride ( TG) , high density lipopro-tein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( VLDL-C) showed a trend of high lard group >low lard group >the control group.Serum TG, CHO, LDL-C and VLDL-L contents in the lard supplementation groups increased firstly, and then decreased.The peak of serum TG and VLDL-C contents in the lard supplementation groups were observed at 6 h after meal, but CHO and LDL-C contents were observed at 9 h after meal.The bottom of serum HDL-C content appeared at 6h after meal in the lard supplementation groups.In a word, adding different levels of lard to feed could promote growth of tilapia, but can affect the liver function and postprandial lipid metabolism of tilapia, the antioxidant capacity would also be weakened.