基于线性规划的耕作层土壤剥离利用空间配置方法研究

以广西壮族自治区宾阳县为例,以待剥离土壤空间分布及回覆利用优先级分析为基础,以村庄为单位划定供需圈,探讨基于线性规划的耕作层土壤剥离利用空间配置方法。结果表明,宾阳县理论可剥离耕作层土壤2.40×106m3,整治需求1.85×107m3,耕作层土壤供给远小于需求,并且在空间上分布不均衡;依据覆土效益优先的原则,确定回覆区优先级,提出剥离耕作层土壤空间配置方案,即城乡建设用地增减挂钩利用5.235 2×104m3、土地开发复垦利用1.446 637×106m3、旱改水利用3.327 38×105m3、高标准基本农田建设利用1.042 804×106m3;利用供需圈及线性规划模型将宾阳县划分为7个供需圈,剥离土壤按回覆优先级从高到低逐步利用,加权平均运距为5 369 m,回覆效益良好,经济成本可接受。以村为单位划定供需圈、线性规划优化土壤剥离利用空间配置的方法,可以优化利用方式、缩短运输距离,进而提高效益与效率,可为其他区域实施耕作层剥离利用工作提供方法借鉴。

Spatial Configuration Method of Stripping and Reuse in Plow Layer Soil Based on Linear Programming

The state explicitly fully carried out the work of stripping the plow layer soil of cultivated land under construction, but the current research is rare about plow layer to strip and the soil resource space configure methods and empirical research, which is difficult to support the configure of plow layer soil-stripping and reuse. Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution of stripped soil supply-demand and the priority of replying, the supply-demand circles was delineated by the village, the spatial configure scheme of soil stripping and reuse was optimized by linear programming, and Binyang County, Guangxi Province was chosen as research area. The results showed that the plow layer soil of Binyang theoretical strippable was 2.40×106m3, and the remediation demand was 1.85×107m3. The supply of plow layer soil was far less than the demand and distributed unevenly in space. Based on the principle of priority of covering benefit, the priorities of the reply area were determined, and the allocation plan of the stripping plow layer soil was put forward. According to the plan, 5.2352×104m3 soil would be used to urban and rural construction land reallocation projects, 1.446637×106m3 soil would be used to land reclamation and development projects, 3.32738×105m3 soil would be used to cropping system of the rotation of upland crop and rice projects, 1.042804×106m3 soil would be used to high standard basic farmland construction projects. Binyang County was divided into seven supply-demand circles by using the supply-demand circle and linear programming model. The stripped soil was gradually used from high to low according to the priority of replying, the weighted average distance was 5369m, the recovery benefit was good and the economic cost was acceptable. The village as a unit of supply-demand circles, linear programming optimization of soil-stripping space configure method can optimize the use of ways, and shorten the transport distance, thereby enhancing the benefit and efficiency and providing reference for the implementation of plow layer soil-stripping and reusing in other regions.