固定式天然橡胶自动割胶机设计与试验

为解决天然橡胶夜间割胶作业劳动强度大、割胶工短缺、割胶效率低等问题，设计一种固定式天然橡胶自动割胶机，采用行走电机与丝杆电机分别驱动割胶刀绕树转动以及沿竖直方向运动，2种运动复合形成割胶刀螺旋线作业轨迹，实现割胶机根据橡胶树生长状况调节螺旋线升角，保证排胶顺畅。采用丝杆电机与旋转编码盘配合，实现割胶机耗皮量的调整，通过仿形双弹簧实现割刀割深均匀稳定，适应不同割胶需求，降低橡胶树损伤。以螺旋线升角、割刀运行速度、耗皮量为试验因素，以割胶机能耗、耗皮量变异系数为试验指标，进行三因素三水平正交试验。试验结果表明：螺旋线升角为25°、割刀运行速度为0.6 m/min、耗皮量为0.8 mm时，试验结果最优，平均耗电量为0.48 W·h,耗皮量变异系数为7.61%,割深变异系数为4.78%,试验结果满足要求。

Design and Experiment of Fixed Automatic Natural Rubber Tapping Machine

In order to solve the problems of high labor intensity, shortage of rubber cutters and low efficiency of natural rubber tapping at night, a fixed automatic natural rubber tapping machine was designed. Moving motor and screw motor were used to drive the rubber cutter to rotate around the tree and move in the vertical direction, respectively. The two movements were combined to form the spiral line operation track of rubber cutter, so that the cutter can adjust the spiral line angle according to the growth of the rubber trees to ensure smooth rubber discharge. The screw motor was matched with the rotary encoder to adjust the rubber consumption of the rubber tapping machine, and double profiling springs were mounted to ensure uniform and stable cutting depth, overall, meeting different rubber tapping requirements, and reducing damage of rubber trees. A three factor and three level orthogonal experiment was conducted with the spiral angle, cutting speed, and rubber consumption as experimental factors, and the cutting machine energy consumption and the variation coefficient of rubber consumption as experimental indicators. The experimental results showed that the optimal results were obtained when the helix angle was 25°, the cutting speed was 0.6m/min, and the rubber consumption was 0.8mm. The average power consumption was 0.48W·h, the variation coefficient of rubber consumption was 7.61%, and the variation coefficient of cutting depth was 4.78%. The experimental results met the requirements.