仿形弹性镇压辊减粘防滑结构设计与试验

针对仿形弹性镇压辊粘附土壤和滑移率较大的问题,基于典型土壤动物蚯蚓的体表柔性几何特征,设计了一种适用于仿形弹性镇压辊的减粘防滑结构,其主体是橡胶凸起,同时采用肋条结构对其进行固定。这种结构具有粘附土壤少、滑移率低、镇压力分布均匀、碎土效果好等优点。通过理论计算和运动学分析对减粘防滑结构的运动过程进行研究,得出橡胶凸起的特征方程,以及凸起高度和肋条高度的取值范围。通过三因素三水平正交组合试验得出影响镇压辊粘附土壤量因素的显著性顺序依次为:凸起高度、肋条高度、载荷;影响镇压辊滑移率因素的显著性顺序依次为:肋条高度、凸起高度、载荷;得到减粘防滑结构的最佳参数组合为:载荷450.0 N、凸起高度13.9 mm、肋条高度15.1 mm,并找到各因素对粘附土壤质量和滑移率的影响。田间验证试验和对比试验得到镇压辊的粘附土壤质量为39.2 g,滑移率为3.89%,分别比没有减粘防滑结构的镇压辊降低60.1%和54.3%。

Design and Experiment on Reducing Soil Adhesion and Anti-slip Structure of Profiling Elastic Press Roller

During the working process of press roller, the deficiencies in the soil adhesion and the large slip rate on the profiling elastic press roller are existed. Based on the flexible geometry features of the typical soil animal body surface, the reducing soil adhesion and anti-slip structure were designed to solve the problem. The structure consists of rubber bulges, which are fixed by the existing bionic rib structure. This structure has the advantages of less soil adhesion, lower slip rate, more uniform pressure distribution and better soil crushing effect. The movement process of the reducing soil adhesion and anti-slip structure was researched by using theoretical calculation and kinematics analysis, the characteristic equation of rubber bulges and the value ranges of bulge height and rib height were obtained. The orthogonal combination experiments of three factors and three levels were designed and performed. The results showed that the primacy sequence of the experiment factors influencing soil adhesion was: rubber bulge height (H), rib height (L), total loads (F) and the primacy sequence of the experiment factors influencing slip rate was: rib height, rubber bulge height and total loads. Optimal levels of the experiment factors influencing soil adhesion and slip rate were F of 450.0N, H of 13.9mm, L of 15.1mm. At the same time, verification tests and comparison tests were conducted in the field. The results showed the soil adhesion quality was 39.2g, the slip rate was 3.89%, compared with the roller without the reducing soil adhesion and anti-slip structure, the soil adhesion quality was reduced by 60.1% and the slip rate was reduced by 54.3%.