施氮对中国棉田产量和水分利用效率影响的Meta分析

为系统分析不同气候条件、土壤基础条件和农田管理措施条件下施氮对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响，收集了国内外已发表的103篇中英文文献，筛选其中37篇文献，共获得301组产量和127组水分利用效率数据。基于Meta分析方法定量分析了不同生产条件下施氮对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响，同时利用偏相关分析找出施氮条件下棉花产量和水分利用效率的主要影响因素。结果表明，以不施氮为对照，施氮能够显著提高棉花的产量和水分利用率。在年均降水量200～500 mm的地区施氮对产量和水分利用率的提高作用最为明显，效应量分别为34.02%和54.15%;施氮对产量和水分利用率的提高作用均随着日照时数的增大而增大。当土壤pH值为6～8时，施氮对棉花产量和水分利用效率的提高作用最为明显，效应量分别为28.52%和24.59%;在不同土壤质地中施氮对产量和水分利用效率的提高作用均表现为在砂土中效应量最大，分别为46.71%和26.29%;随着施肥频次的增加，施氮对棉花产量和水分利用率的提高作用逐渐增大；施氮对产量的提高作用随灌水量的增加而增加，对水分利用率的提高作用随灌水量的增加呈先增加后降低趋势。当施氮量为300～...

Meta-analysis of Effects of Nitrogen Application on Cotton Yield and Water Use Efficiency in China

To systematically analyze the effects of nitrogen application on cotton yield and water use efficiency under different climatic conditions, soil foundation conditions, and farmland management measures, totally 103 published Chinese and English literatures from China were collected, among which 37 papers were selected, and a total of 301 sets of yield and 127 sets of water use efficiency data were obtained. Based on the Meta-analysis method, the impact of nitrogen application on cotton yield and water use efficiency under different production conditions was quantitatively analyzed, and partial correlation analysis was used to identify the main influencing factors of cotton yield and water use efficiency under nitrogen application conditions. The results showed that with no nitrogen application as the control, nitrogen application can significantly improve the yield and water use efficiency of cotton. The effect of nitrogen application on yield and water use efficiency was most significant in areas with an average annual precipitation of 200~500mm, with effects of 34.02% and 54.15%, respectively. The effect of nitrogen application on yield and water use efficiency was increased with the increase of sunshine hours. When the soil pH value was 6~8, nitrogen application had the most significant effect on improving cotton yield and water use efficiency, with the effective amounts being 28.52% and 24.59%, respectively. The effect of nitrogen application on yield and water use efficiency in different soil textures was the highest in sandy soil, with 46.71% and 26.29%, respectively. As the frequency of fertilization was increased, the effect of nitrogen application on cotton yield and water use efficiency was gradually increased. The effect of nitrogen application on yield was increased with the increase of irrigation amount, and the effect on water use efficiency showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with the increase of irrigation amount. When the nitrogen application rate was 300~450kg/hm2, nitrogen application had the most significant effect on improving yield and water use efficiency. When the planting density was 1.5×105~2.5×105 plants/hm2, nitrogen application had the most significant promoting effect on yield and water use efficiency, with effective amounts of 38.48% and 16.46%, respectively. The nitrogen application rate and soil pH value were the main influencing factors on cotton yield under nitrogen application conditions. The nitrogen application rate and irrigation amount were the main influencing factors of cotton water use efficiency under nitrogen application conditions. The research results can provide reference for achieving high yield and efficiency in cotton cultivation under different production conditions.