生猪养殖设施工程技术研究现状与发展分析

生猪养殖业是我国畜牧业的支柱产业，随着生猪养殖从分散养殖向规模化养殖的发展，对生猪养殖设施工程技术的需求日渐增加。为了向生猪养殖业发展提供参考与支持，对生猪养殖关键设施工程技术的研究与发展状况进行了总结和分析。重点对猪舍、育仔、饲喂、粪污处理设施工程环节进行研究与发展分析。目前，我国已初步形成了适合国情的生猪养殖设施工程技术体系，但与国外发达国家的生猪养殖设施工程技术还存在一定差距，存在养殖设施工程各环节发展不均衡，养殖工程的机械化、自动化、智能化技术水平较低，关键养殖设施工程技术的基础性研究体系不健全，养殖设施配套性差，养殖机械的适用性和可靠性较低等问题。建立健全的生猪养殖设施工程技术的研究体系，加强养殖、饲料、设施工程、资源环境等方面相互融合与协作、深入与系统的研究，开展适于我国南北方配套应用的生猪养殖设施与设备研发，实现生猪养殖过程的健康/福利化、生态化、自动化及至智慧化，将是我国生猪养殖设施工程技术的发展方向。

Analysis of Research Status and Development on Engineering Technology of Swine Farming Facilities

The swine industry is the pillar industry of animal husbandry in China. With the development of national economy and the scale farming, the demand for engineering technology of swine facilities is increasing in China. In order to provide reference and support for the development of swine farming, the research and application of key facilities engineering technology in swine farming were summarized and analyzed. The research and development of pig houses, piglet breading facilities, feeders and manure disposal facilities were mainly analyzed. At present, the engineering technology system for swine facilities and equipment was established in China, which can meet the demand of swine farming in China, but there was still a certain gap compared with the engineering technology of swine facilities in developed countries in animal husbandry, the development of various links in swine facilities engineering was not balanced, and the technical level of mechanization, automation and intellectualization of the facilities engineering was low. The basic researching system of key facilities engineering technology was not perfect, the matching of swine facilities was poor, and the applicability and reliability of swine farming equipment was low. Establishing a perfect researching system for the engineering technology of swine facilities, and strengthening the integration and cooperation of breeding, feed, facilities, resources and environment, and then boosting the research and development of swine facilities and equipment suitable for the supporting applications in the North and South China, so as to realize the health/welfare, ecology, automation and intellectualization of the swine farming process, which would be the development trend of swine facilities engineering technology in China.