车载智能土壤采样系统设计与试验

针对传统土壤样本采集操作复杂、劳动强度大、采集精度低和缺乏信息化管理的问题，设计了一种车载智能土壤采样系统。该系统安装于无人驾驶采样车上，系统包括土壤样本自动采集装置和电气控制系统。对系统整个工作过程进行分析，确定了各关键机构及控制硬件的主要工作参数。电气控制系统以运动控制器为控制核心，土壤样本自动采集装置对不同深度范围的土样进行采集，并按地理位置信息分类收集，通过RFID读写器将GPS系统定位所解算的目标采样点的经纬度地理信息和采样深度等信息写入收集土样采样筒底部的电子标签中。性能试验表明，安装于无人驾驶采样车的车载智能土壤采样系统工作运行稳定、可靠，能够对农耕层0~200mm任意深度范围的土壤进行自动分层采样，效率高、精度高、全程自动化，能够按照位置信息进行分类管理，较好地满足了智能化高质量采集土样的需求。

Design and Experiment of Vehicle-mounted Intelligent Soil Sampling System

Aiming at the problems of complicated operation of traditional soil sample collection, high labor intensity, low collection accuracy and lack of information management, a vehicle-mounted intelligent soil sampling system was designed. The system was installed on an unmanned sampling vehicle and included an automatic soil sample collection device and an electrical control system. The key working parameters of each mechanism and control hardware were determined, and the entire working process of the system was analyzed: the electrical control system was controlled by a motion controller. The soil sample automatic collection device collected soil samples in different depth ranges and collected them according to geographic location information. The geographic information of longitude and latitude and sampling depth of the target sampling point calculated by the GPS system were written into the electronic tag at the bottom of the soil sampling cylinder through the RFID reader. Through performance tests, it was shown that the designed vehicle-mounted intelligent soil sampling system worked stably and reliably with the unmanned sampling vehicle. It can automatically layer samples of soil in any depth range of 0~200mm in the agricultural layer with high efficiency and high accuracy, full-process automation and classified management according to location information, which satisfied the need for intelligent and high-quality soil sample collection.