油莎豆收获筛分机构运动学分析与试验

针对油莎豆收获人工收获难度大、收获效率低、损失率高等问题,提出先脱粒后分离的收获方式,设计一种油莎豆收获筛分装置,该装置主要由脱粒系统和振动筛分系统等组成。采用矩阵法对振动筛分机构进行运动学理论分析,运用ADAMS软件对该机构进行仿真,得到筛面各点的位移、速度、加速度曲线图,分析各点的运动变化规律,找到影响筛面运动的关键因素。以曲柄转速、筛面倾角、振幅为试验因素,以筛分效率和损失率为试验指标,运用Design-Expert软件进行分析。结果表明:曲柄转速为236.51 rad/min、筛面倾角为6.7°、振幅为3.98 mm时,筛分效率为96.56%,损失率为1.83%,满足油莎豆收获机的设计要求。

Kinematic analysis and testing of vibratory sieving mechanism for Cyperus esculentus L. harvester

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of great difficulty in artificial harvesting, low harvesting efficiency, and high loss rate, a harvesting method of first threshing and then separating was put forward, and a screening device was designed for the harvesting and screening of Cyperus esculentus L.. The device was mainly composed of a threshing system and a vibrating screen sorting system. The matrix method was used to analyze the kinematic theory of the vibrating screen mechanism. The ADAMS software was used to simulate the mechanism, obtain the displacement, velocity, and acceleration graphs of each point of the screen surface, analyze the motion change law of each point, and find the key factors affecting the motion of the screen surface. This paper took crank speed, screen angle, and amplitude as test factors, screening efficiency, and loss rate as the test indexes, and used Design Expert software to analyze. The results showed that when the crank speed was 236.51 rad/min, the screen angle was 6.7°, the amplitude was 3.98 mm, the screening efficiency was 96.56%, and the loss rate was 1.83%, which meets the design requirements of the Cyperus esculentus L. harvester.