马铃薯采后机械化清洗技术综述

由于马铃薯块茎生长在地下,形状不规则,收获作业后土杂含量较多。采后清洗处理成为马铃薯初级加工、食用加工和精深加工必经环节,其作业效果直接影响马铃薯加工产品的品质。机械化清洗作业可有效地减轻人工劳动强度和提高清洗作业效率,是马铃薯采后清洗加工的重要发展方向。为了解当前马铃薯机械化清洗技术研究和应用现状,通过对国内外马铃薯采后机械化清洗技术进行综述,阐述马铃薯用途分类及等级划分指标,重点梳理分析干洗和水洗两种不同类型清洗方式的原理和技术特点,并对中国马铃薯清洗技术面临问题及发展方向进行初步探讨,为从事马铃薯采后清洗技术研究的科研人员提供参考。

Overview of mechanized cleaning technology of post-harvest potato

Because potato tubers grow underground and have irregular shape, there are more soil impurities after harvesting. Post-harvest cleaning treatment is a necessary link in potato primary processing, food processing and deep processing, and its effect directly affects the quality of potato processed products. Mechanized cleaning can effectively reduce labor intensity and improve the efficiency of cleaning operation, which is an important development direction of potato post-harvest processing. In order to understand the current status of research and application of potato mechanized cleaning technology, it was summarized the domestic and foreign post-harvest mechanized cleaning technology, expounded the classification of potato use and classification index, and mainly combed and analyzed the principle and technology of two different types of cleaning methods, dry cleaning and water cleaning. The technical characteristics, problems and development direction of potato cleaning technology in China were preliminarily discussed, which could provide reference for scientific researchers engaged in the research of potato post-harvest cleaning technology.